金铃子1,3,
陈曦1,2,,
王雪峰1
1.辽宁工程技术大学安全科学与工程学院，阜新 123000
2.辽宁工程技术大学安全工程技术研究院，阜新 123000
3.北京天地玛珂电液控制系统有限公司，北京 101300
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（51704145）
Impact of high-rise buildings on particulate matter dispersion in urban street canyon
DENG Cunbao1,2,,JIN Lingzi1,3,
CHEN Xi1,2,,
WANG Xuefeng1
1.College of Safety Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China
2.Research Institute of Safety Engineering and Technology, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China
3.Beijing Tiandi-Marco Electro-Hydraulic Control System Company Limited, Beijng 101300, China
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摘要:为了获得城市冠层内高层建筑群的高度变化对城市颗粒物污染的作用情况，采用大涡模拟方法研究了不同高层建筑群的街谷形状因子对街谷内空气流动与污染物扩散规律的影响。结果表明：在高层建筑群上方形成一个顺时针旋涡，旋涡中心位于城市峡谷内靠近高层建筑群背风处；随着街谷形状因子的增大，高层建筑群的滞留效应增强，导致高层建筑物上方的剪切层湍动能增强；当形状因子为2.5时，湍动能达到1.9 m2·s-2，此时城市街谷内可吸入颗粒物的稀释扩散条件变差；在涡旋和气流夹带作用下，可吸入颗粒物浓度在垂直方向上分布具有明显的分层现象，大量可吸入颗粒物聚集于低建筑迎风面底部。不同街谷形状因子下街谷内空气流动与污染物扩散规律的探明将为有关部门制定相应规划提供参考。
关键词: 建筑群/
城市峡谷/
可吸入颗粒物/
街谷形状因子/
大涡模拟
Abstract:In order to obtain the effects of height variation of high-rise buildings in urban canopy on the particulate pollution, large-eddy simulation was used to study the influence of street shape factors of different high-rise buildings on airflow and pollutant diffusion in the canyon. The simulation result shows that a clockwise vortex could be formed above the high-rise buildings, and its center is located near the lee of the high-rise buildings in the urban canyon. With the increase of the shape factor of the valley, the particulate-retention effect of the high-rise buildings will increase, which could strengthen the turbulent kinetic energy and air stagnation of the shear layer above the building. The dilution and diffusion conditions of the inhalable particles in the urban street canyon become worse at the shape factor of 2.5 and the turbulent kinetic energy is 1.9 m2·s-2. With the entrainment of the vortex and the airflow, an obvious concentration stratification distribution will occur in the vertical direction for the inhalable particulates, a large number of them will gather at the bottom of windward side of the low-rise buildings. To achieve the spread of particulate pollutants outside the urban street canyon, it is necessary to observe the law of airflow and pollutant diffusion with different aspect ratio, which will provide a theoretical basis for relevant government departments to formulate the corresponding policies and regulations.
Key words:building groups/
street canyon/
inhalable particles/
urban shape factor/
large eddy simulation.
| [1] | 顾兆林, 张云伟. 城市街谷的空气流动与污染物扩散研究： 物理模型的发展及数学模拟[J]. 地球环境学报, 2011, 2(2): 362-373. |
| [2] | 冯寒立, 赵敬德, 翟静. 高架覆盖的街谷内可吸入颗粒物的浓度分布[J]. 环境工程学报, 2017, 11(8): 4669-4676. |
| [3] | 白志鹏, 张文杰, 韩斌, 等. 我国环境空气颗粒物质量基准研究框架及研究体系的构建[J]. 环境科学研究, 2015, 28(5):667-675. |
| [4] | DONG J, TAN Z, XIAO Y, et al. Seasonal changing effect on airflow and pollutant dispersion characteristics in urban street canyons[J]. Atmosphere, 2017, 8(43): 1-18. |
| [5] | 张传福, 曾建荣, 文谋, 等. 高架桥对街道峡谷内大气颗粒物输运的影响[J]. 环境科学研究, 2012, 25(2): 159-164. |
| [6] | JICHA M, KATOLICKY J, POSPISIL J. Dispersion of pollutants in a street canyon and street intersection under traffic-induced flow and turbulence using a low Re k-ε model[J]. International Journal of Environment and Pollution, 2002, 18(2): 160-170. |
| [7] | XIE X M, HUANG Z, WANG J S. Impact of building configuration on air quality in street canyon[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2005, 39(25): 4519-4530. |
| [8] | XIE X M, HUANG Z, WANG J S, et al. The impact of solar radiation and street layout on pollutant dispersion in street canyon[J]. Building and Environment, 2005, 40(2): 201-212. |
| [9] | RAMAMURTHY P, PARDYJAK E R, KLEWICKI J C. Observations of the effects of atmospheric stability on turbulence statistics deep within an urban street canyon[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorology & Climatology, 2007, 46(12): 2074-2085. |
| [10] | GU Z L, ZHANG Y W, CHENG Y, et al. Effect of uneven building layout on air flow and pollutant dispersion in non-uniform street canyons[J]. Building & Environment, 2011, 46(12): 2657-2665. |
| [11] | WANG L, PAN Q, ZHENG X P, et al. Effects of low boundary walls under dynamic inflow on flow field and pollutant dispersion in an idealized street canyon[J]. Atmospheric Pollution Research, 2017, 8(3): 564-575. |
| [12] | MARCOS M á P, FEIJó-MU?OZ J, MEISS A. Wind velocity effects on the quality and efficiency of ventilation in the modeling of outdoor spaces: Case studies[J]. Building Services Engineering Research & Technology, 2015, 37(1): 2661-2665. |
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| [14] | 张云伟, 王晴茹, 陈嘉, 等. 城市街谷内PM2.5浓度时空变化及影响因素分析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2016, 36(10): 2944-2949. |
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| [16] | 陈巨辉. 基于大涡模拟: 颗粒二阶矩的两相流动与反应数值模拟[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工业大学, 2013. |
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高层建筑群对街谷内颗粒物扩散特性的影响
邓存宝1,2,,金铃子1,3,
陈曦1,2,,
王雪峰1
1.辽宁工程技术大学安全科学与工程学院，阜新 123000
2.辽宁工程技术大学安全工程技术研究院，阜新 123000
3.北京天地玛珂电液控制系统有限公司，北京 101300
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（51704145）
关键词: 建筑群/
城市峡谷/
可吸入颗粒物/
街谷形状因子/
大涡模拟
摘要:为了获得城市冠层内高层建筑群的高度变化对城市颗粒物污染的作用情况，采用大涡模拟方法研究了不同高层建筑群的街谷形状因子对街谷内空气流动与污染物扩散规律的影响。结果表明：在高层建筑群上方形成一个顺时针旋涡，旋涡中心位于城市峡谷内靠近高层建筑群背风处；随着街谷形状因子的增大，高层建筑群的滞留效应增强，导致高层建筑物上方的剪切层湍动能增强；当形状因子为2.5时，湍动能达到1.9 m2·s-2，此时城市街谷内可吸入颗粒物的稀释扩散条件变差；在涡旋和气流夹带作用下，可吸入颗粒物浓度在垂直方向上分布具有明显的分层现象，大量可吸入颗粒物聚集于低建筑迎风面底部。不同街谷形状因子下街谷内空气流动与污染物扩散规律的探明将为有关部门制定相应规划提供参考。
English Abstract
Impact of high-rise buildings on particulate matter dispersion in urban street canyon
DENG Cunbao1,2,,JIN Lingzi1,3,
CHEN Xi1,2,,
WANG Xuefeng1
1.College of Safety Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China
2.Research Institute of Safety Engineering and Technology, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China
3.Beijing Tiandi-Marco Electro-Hydraulic Control System Company Limited, Beijng 101300, China
Keywords: building groups/
street canyon/
inhalable particles/
urban shape factor/
large eddy simulation
Abstract:In order to obtain the effects of height variation of high-rise buildings in urban canopy on the particulate pollution, large-eddy simulation was used to study the influence of street shape factors of different high-rise buildings on airflow and pollutant diffusion in the canyon. The simulation result shows that a clockwise vortex could be formed above the high-rise buildings, and its center is located near the lee of the high-rise buildings in the urban canyon. With the increase of the shape factor of the valley, the particulate-retention effect of the high-rise buildings will increase, which could strengthen the turbulent kinetic energy and air stagnation of the shear layer above the building. The dilution and diffusion conditions of the inhalable particles in the urban street canyon become worse at the shape factor of 2.5 and the turbulent kinetic energy is 1.9 m2·s-2. With the entrainment of the vortex and the airflow, an obvious concentration stratification distribution will occur in the vertical direction for the inhalable particulates, a large number of them will gather at the bottom of windward side of the low-rise buildings. To achieve the spread of particulate pollutants outside the urban street canyon, it is necessary to observe the law of airflow and pollutant diffusion with different aspect ratio, which will provide a theoretical basis for relevant government departments to formulate the corresponding policies and regulations.
