中文关键词香榧土壤重金属主成分分析地统计学生态风险评价 英文关键词Torreya grandis cv. Merrilliisoil heavy metalsprincipal component analysisgeostatisticsecological risk assessment

作者	单位	E-mail
王敏	浙江农林大学浙江省土壤污染生物修复重点实验室, 临安 311300	771848844@qq.com
董佳琦	浙江农林大学浙江省土壤污染生物修复重点实验室, 临安 311300
白龙龙	浙江农林大学浙江省土壤污染生物修复重点实验室, 临安 311300
张勇	浙江省公益林和国有林场管理总站, 杭州 310020
蒋仲龙	浙江省公益林和国有林场管理总站, 杭州 310020
姜霓雯	亚热带森林培育国家重点实验室, 临安 311300
吴家森	浙江农林大学浙江省土壤污染生物修复重点实验室, 临安 311300 亚热带森林培育国家重点实验室, 临安 311300
张璐瑶	亚热带森林培育国家重点实验室, 临安 311300
方嘉	亚热带森林培育国家重点实验室, 临安 311300
傅伟军	浙江农林大学浙江省土壤污染生物修复重点实验室, 临安 311300 亚热带森林培育国家重点实验室, 临安 311300	fuweijun@zafu.edu.cn

中文摘要 香榧（Torreya grandis cv.Merrillii）是我国特有的一类经济树种.目前关于香榧的研究大都关注于果实的品质以及高产措施等，对香榧林地土壤重金属污染的研究鲜见报道.为探明其污染状况，选择位于浙江省会稽山脉附近的香榧集中种植区[诸暨、嵊州、柯桥和东阳四市（区）]作为研究对象，系统地采取了121个土壤样品（0~20 cm），对其中的13种重金属（As、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Fe、Mn、Ni、Pb、Sb、Sn、V和Zn）进行分析.同时结合主成分分析方法构建最小数据集，筛选出能最大程度代表土壤重金属元素信息的6种元素（As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni和Zn），利用地统计学等空间分析方法研究筛选所得的6种重金属空间异质性并评价其潜在生态风险.结果表明，研究区重金属平均ω（As）、ω（Cd）、ω（Cr）、ω（Ni）、ω（Cu）和ω（Zn）分别为14.23、0.14、49.08、27.05、28.20和109.93 mg·kg^-1.通过半方差理论模型拟合得出研究区土壤Cr、Ni和Zn具有强烈的空间自相关性，而Cd、Cu和As空间自相关性处在中等水平.克里格插值揭示了研究区土壤重金属的空间分布格局，东阳市ω（Cd）、ω（Cr）和ω（Ni）呈低值分布，而诸暨市局部地区存在ω（Cd）、ω（Cr）和ω（Ni）的高值分布，其中诸暨市、柯桥区和嵊州市Cd积累较多，As在研究区土壤中的局部积累最严重，高值主要分布在诸暨市的西部和嵊州市东部地区.单因子污染指数和内梅罗污染指数结果显示，研究区6种重金属均存在超标现象，呈现出不同程度的累积特征.诸暨市重金属的分布受早期铜矿开采以及长期过度施肥影响，其他地区重金属的积累情况主要是由香榧种植户不合理的施肥方式尤其是磷肥和有机肥的过度使用等集约经营措施造成.潜在生态风险评价结果表明，研究区整体处于轻度危害程度，其中以Cd的潜在风险最大. 英文摘要 Torreya grandis cv. Merrillii (T. grandis) is a unique economic tree species in China, which contains rich nutritional, medicinal, and economic values. Currently, studies on T. grandis mainly focus on fruit quality and high yield measures, and there are few reports on the heavy metal pollution of T. grandis woodland soil. In order to study the pollution of soil heavy metals, the T. grandis producing areas (Zhuji, Shengzhou, Keqiao, and Dongyang) in the Kuaiji Mountains in Zhejiang Province, where T. grandis planting is concentrated, were taken as research objects. A total of 121 soil samples(0-20 cm) were systematically taken, and 13 types of heavy metals(As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sn, V, and Zn)were analyzed. At the same time, the minimum data set was constructed by combining the principal component analysis method, and six heavy metal elements (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn) that could represent the soil heavy metal element information to the greatest extent were screened out. Spatial heterogeneity and potential ecological risk of these six heavy metals were studied using geostatistics and other spatial analysis methods. The results indicated that the average ω(As), ω(Cd), ω(Cr), ω(Ni), ω(Cu), and ω(Zn) in the study area were 14.23, 0.14, 49.08, 27.05, 28.20, and 109.93 mg·kg^-1, respectively. Additionally, the results by the semi-variance theory model fitting indicated that Cr, Ni, and Zn have strong spatial autocorrelation, whereas Cd, Cu, and As have moderate spatial autocorrelation. Kriging interpolation revealed the spatial distribution pattern of heavy metals in the soils of the study area. The ω(Cd), ω(Cr), and ω(Ni) in Dongyang City were low, whereas the ω(Cd), ω(Cr), and ω(Ni) were high in some areas of Zhuji City. The accumulation of Cd in Zhuji City, Keqiao Distric, and Shengzhou City was high, whereas the local accumulation of As in the soil of the study area was the most severe. The high values were mainly distributed in the areas west of Zhuji City and east of Shengzhou City, whereas the low values were mainly distributed in the areas east of Zhuji City and west of Keqiao District. The results of the single factor pollution index and Nemerow pollution index showed that the six heavy metals in the study area all exceeded the standard, showing different degrees of accumulation characteristics. The distribution of heavy metals in Zhuji City was affected by early copper mining and long-term blind and excessive fertilization. The accumulation of heavy metals in other areas was mainly caused by human activities such as unreasonable fertilization methods, especially the excessive use of phosphate and organic fertilizers by farmers. The evaluation results of potential ecological hazards showed that the study area was being subjected to a mild degree of harm, with Cd presenting the largest potential risk.

PDF全文下载地址:

https://www.hjkx.ac.cn/hjkx/ch/reader/create_pdf.aspx?file_no=20211239&flag=1&journal_id=hjkx&year_id=2021