中文关键词生物质炭耕作措施有机碳无机碳CO₂排放 英文关键词biochartillage measureorganic carboninorganic carbonCO₂ emission

作者	单位	E-mail
刘振杰	西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 杨凌 712100 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100	liuzhenjie0908@163.com
李鹏飞	西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 杨凌 712100 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100
黄世威	西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 杨凌 712100 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100
金相乐	西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 杨凌 712100 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100
张阿凤	西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 杨凌 712100 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100	zhangafeng@nwafu.edu.cn

中文摘要 为探究生物质炭施用对不同耕作条件下土壤碳含量的影响，通过室内恒温培养试验，以免耕和翻耕土壤为研究对象，分别添加0、5和20 g·kg^-1的小麦生物质炭，分析生物质炭对免耕和翻耕土壤有机碳（SOC）、可溶性有机碳（DOC）、微生物生物量碳（MBC）、易氧化有机碳（ROC）、pH、无机碳（SIC）、水溶性Ca和Mg以及土壤CO₂排放的影响.结果表明：①与对照相比，不同用量的生物质炭添加下，免耕处理土壤SOC、ROC、DOC、水溶性Ca和Mg分别增加20.3%~105.6%、0.5%~36.0%、0.8%~30.5%、3.5%~42.3%和2.4%~75.2%；翻耕处理土壤SOC、ROC、DOC、水溶性Ca和Mg分别增加29.2%~145.1%、1.3%~63.9%、2.4%~55.6%、18.2%~89.8%和10.1%~150.5%；且随着生物质炭施用量增加而增大.5 g·kg^-1的小麦生物质炭施用量下，免耕土壤CO₂累积排放量最大，而翻耕土壤CO₂累积排放量随着生物质炭施用量增加而增大.培养结束时，与对照相比，翻耕土壤MBC增加35.5%~45.7%，且土壤MBC随着生物质炭施用量的增加而增大.生物质炭施用对翻耕和免耕土壤pH和SIC没有显著性影响.②相同用量的生物质炭施用条件下，与翻耕相比，免耕土壤CO₂累积排放量、SOC、ROC、DOC、MBC、水溶性Ca和Mg含量分别增加了34.2%~79.0%、8.9%~45.5%、28.2%~73.9%、40.4%~78.4%、0.2%~131.7%、8.7%~39.8%和0.3%~61.0%；土壤pH和SIC分别降低0.08~0.17个单位和2.4%~13.9%.综上所述，生物质炭添加增加了免耕和翻耕土壤总有机碳、活性有机碳、水溶性Ca和Mg的含量以及土壤CO₂累积排放量，但对土壤无机碳含量没有显著性的影响. 英文摘要 This study intended to examine the influence of biochar application on soil carbon content under different tillage conditions. For this, an indoor incubation experiment was performed with treatments included wheat straw-derived biochar application (0, 5, and 20 g·kg^-1) and soil with different tillage measures (ploughing and no-tillage). The effects of biochar addition on soil organic carbon (SOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC), readily oxidized organic carbon (ROC), soil inorganic carbon (SIC), pH, water soluble calcium and magnesium, and soil CO₂ emissions were analyzed. The results showed that:① Compared with the control, the contents of SOC, ROC, DOC, and water soluble Ca and Mg increased by 20.3%-105.6%, 0.5%-36.0%, 0.8%-30.5%, 3.5%-42.3%, and 2.4%-75.2% in the no-tillage treatments, respectively; and the contents of SOC, ROC, DOC, water-soluble Ca and Mg increased by 29.2%-145.1%, 1.3%-63.9%, 2.4%-55.6%, 18.2%-89.8%, and 10.1%-150.5% in the ploughing treatment, respectively, under different dosage biochar amendments, and was enhanced with an increase in the biochar application amount. Cumulative CO₂ emissions were highest with biochar amendment at 5 g·kg^-1 under the no-tillage soil condition; however, this increased with an increase in the biochar amount in the ploughing treatment. At the end of incubation experiment, the soil MBC content increased by 35.5%-45.7% compared with the control treatment; however, there was no significant effect on soil pH and SIC between the treatments. ② Compared with the ploughing treatment, the cumulative CO₂ emissions, SOC, ROC, DOC, MBC, and water-soluble Ca and Mg contents of the no tillage treatment increased by 34.2%-79.0%, 8.9%-45.5%, 28.2%-73.9%, 40.4%-78.4%, 0.2%-131.7%, 8.7%-39.8%, and 0.3%-61.0%, respectively, while soil pH and SIC decreased by 0.08-0.17 unit and 2.4%-13.9%, respectively, under the same biochar amendment treatments. Overall, the addition of biochar significantly increased soil organic carbon, active organic carbon, soil water soluble calcium and magnesium content, and soil cumulative CO₂ emissions, but no significant effect was observed on soil inorganic carbon content.

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