中文关键词金盆水库暴雨径流潜流过程水质评价营养盐 英文关键词Jinpen Reservoirrainstorm runoffintrusion processwater quality indexes (WQI) assessmentnutrients

作者	单位	E-mail
黄诚	西安建筑科技大学陕西省环境工程重点实验室, 西安 710055 西安建筑科技大学西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室, 西安 710055	huangcheng9862@163.com
黄廷林	西安建筑科技大学陕西省环境工程重点实验室, 西安 710055 西安建筑科技大学西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室, 西安 710055	huangtinglin@xauat.edu.cn
李扬	西安建筑科技大学陕西省环境工程重点实验室, 西安 710055 西安建筑科技大学西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室, 西安 710055
李楠	西安建筑科技大学陕西省环境工程重点实验室, 西安 710055 西安建筑科技大学西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室, 西安 710055
齐允之	西安水务集团黑河金盆水库管理公司, 西安 710401
司凡	西安建筑科技大学陕西省环境工程重点实验室, 西安 710055 西安建筑科技大学西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室, 西安 710055
华逢耀	西安建筑科技大学陕西省环境工程重点实验室, 西安 710055 西安建筑科技大学西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室, 西安 710055
赵凌云	西安建筑科技大学陕西省环境工程重点实验室, 西安 710055 西安建筑科技大学西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室, 西安 710055

中文摘要 为探究西安金盆水库汛期暴雨径流沿程时空演变过程及库区水质响应，对汛期2019年8月初与9月中旬两场暴雨径流上游河道至库区各断面的水质指标进行持续原位监测，并在垂向上采用单因子污染指数法和综合污染指数法对库区进行水质评价.结果表明：汛期暴雨径流连续不同的来流条件会演变成不同的潜入情况，两次径流初期入流量小，水库潜流均经历全断面径流-底部潜流-间层流的过程，在末期，8月初径流库区间层流位置由初期的545~565 m扩大为535~580 m，9月中旬径流潜流位置由初期540~575 m的间层流演变成575 m以下的底部潜流；连续的入流使库区热分层结构削弱，溶解氧得到补充，同时大量颗粒态污染物汇入库区，营养盐在垂向上表现为中层、底层水体高于表层；单因子污染指数表明径流潜流处总磷和高锰酸盐指数值都有一定的增加，末期均超过地表水Ⅲ类水质标准；综合污染指数表明8月初径流中层水质处于中污染，底层则受厌氧与颗粒沉降的双重影响达到重污染，并且在径流一周后达到峰值，而9月中旬的575 m以下的潜流直接导致中层水体处于重污染，底层由于溶解氧的补充处于中污染；汛期通过泄洪洞的排放与分层取水可以有效地保障供水安全. 英文摘要 To explore the temporal and spatial intrusion process of runoffs and the response of water quality during the flood season in the Jinpen Reservoir (JPR) in Xi'an. Continuous in-situ monitoring was carried out on the water quality indexes (WQI) from the upstream river channel to the reservoir of two runoffs in early August and mid-September 2019. The single factor WQI and comprehensive WQI were used to assess the water quality vertically. Different inflow conditions of rain storm runoffs evolved into different intrusions. The initial inflow of the two runoffs was small, the runoff experienced a full-section intrusion, bottom intrusion, and mid-intrusion process along the way; the position of mid-intrusion in reservoir changed from 545-565 m at the beginning of the runoff to 535-580 m at the end in early August, and developed from 540-575 m of mid-intrusion to 575 m below the bottom of the intrusion in mid-September. The continuous inflow weakened the thermal stratification structure and replenished the DO in the reservoir. Meanwhile, mass particulate pollutants sank into the reservoir, and vertically, the nutrients of middle and bottom parts were higher than at the surface. The single factor WQI showed that the TP and permanganate index values of underflow location increased to some extent, and both exceeded the class Ⅲ water quality standard of surface water at the end. The comprehensive WQI showed that the middle layer of runoff was moderately polluted in early August, while the bottom layer was heavily polluted due to the dual effects of anaerobic and particle deposition, and reached the peak after one week of runoff, while the bottom intrusion of below 575 m directly caused heavy pollution in the middle layer, and bottom layer was medium polluted due to the supplement of dissolved oxygen in mid-September. The discharge of the spillway tunnel and the intake of stratified water could effectively guarantee the safety of the water supply during the flood season.

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