中文关键词喹诺酮类抗生素(QNs)白洋淀优势鱼类生物累积营养传递环境因子 英文关键词quinolone antibiotics (QNs)Baiyangdian Lakedominant fish speciesbioaccumulationtrophic transferenvironmental factors

作者	单位	E-mail
申立娜	河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院, 河北省污染防治生物技术实验室, 石家庄 050000	13014367080@163.com
付雨	河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院, 河北省污染防治生物技术实验室, 石家庄 050000
张璐璐	河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院, 河北省污染防治生物技术实验室, 石家庄 050000	zhanglulu19850703@163.com
秦珊	河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院, 河北省污染防治生物技术实验室, 石家庄 050000
剧泽佳	河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院, 河北省污染防治生物技术实验室, 石家庄 050000
姚波	河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院, 河北省污染防治生物技术实验室, 石家庄 050000
崔建升	河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院, 河北省污染防治生物技术实验室, 石家庄 050000

中文摘要 喹诺酮类抗生素（quinolone antibiotics，QNs）易富集于水生生物中，近年来在我国湖泊中广泛检出，且其生物富集系数和营养传递行为具有明显的时空异质性.本研究选取白洋淀9种优势鱼类为研究对象，分析14种QNs的生物累积特征及其与环境因子的相关性，评估了QNs健康风险.结果表明，白洋淀水体中∑QNs质量浓度范围为0.7400~1590 ng·L^-1，其中氟甲喹（flumequine，FLU）、喹酸（oxolinic acid，OXO）和氧氟沙星（ofloxacin，OFL）检出率较高，FLU平均质量浓度最高；鱼类体内∑QNs含量范围为17.1~146 ng·g^-1，其中环丙沙星（ciprofloxacin，CIP）和FLU平均含量较高.生物累积系数（bioaccumulation factors，BAF）范围（L·kg^-1）为96.2（BAF_MAR）~489（BAF_CIP），表明QNs在鱼类中的生物累积能力较低.5种检出率较高的QNs［恩诺沙星（enrofloxacin，ENR）、FLU、马波沙星（marbofloxacin，MAR）、诺氟沙星（norfloxacin，NOR）和OFL］的营养放大因子（trophic magnification factors，TMF）范围为0.714（TMF_MAR）~1.33（TMF_ENR），其中ENR呈营养放大，FLU、MAR和QNs呈营养稀释.理化参数与BAF和TMF相关性分析结果表明，pH、T、SD、DO、COD、TP、TN、NH₄⁺-N、NO₃^--N和PO₄^3--P与BAF和TMF相关性较为显著.健康风险评估结果表明，CIP的危害系数（hazard quotient，HQ，0.0040~0.026）显著高于其它QNs（≤0.0050），危害指数（hazard index，HI）范围为0.0010~0.035，具有高健康风险.因此，应制定更为严格的抗生素排放标准，减少湖泊外源有机质和营养物质输入，以减少污染物在鱼类体内的生物累积，降低抗生素污染水平和健康风险. 英文摘要 In recent years, quinolone antibiotics (QNs), which easily bioaccumulate in aquatic organisms, have been widely detected in lake ecosystems, and the bioaccumulation and trophic transfer behavior are obviously spatiotemporally different. In this study, the bioaccumulation and trophic transfer behavior of fourteen QNs in nine dominant fish species were studied, the correlation with environmental factors was analyzed, and the health risk of QNs was evaluated in Baiyangdian Lake. The results showed that the mass concentrations of ∑QNs in water varied from 0.7400 to 1590 ng·L^-1. Furthermore, the detected frequencies of flumequine (FLU), oxolinic acid (OXO), and ofloxacin (OFL) were higher, and the average mass concentration of FLU was the highest. The content of ∑QNs in fish ranged from 17.1 to 146 ng·g^-1, and the average contents of ciprofloxacin (CIP) and OFL were higher. The bioaccumulation factors (BAF) were in the range of 96.2 (BAF_MAR)-489 (BAF_CIP) L·kg^-1, indicating the bioaccumulation of QNs was low in dominant fish species. The trophic magnification factors (TMF) of five QNs (enrofloxacin (ENR), FLU, marbofloxacin (MAR), norfloxacin (NOR), and OFL) varied from 0.714 (TMF_MAR) to 1.33 (TMF_ENR), indicating ENR exhibited trophic magnification, while FLU, MAR, and ∑QNs exhibited trophic dilution. The results of correlation analysis between environmental parameters and BAF/TMF showed that pH, T, SD, DO, COD, TP, TN, NH₄⁺-N, NO₃^--N, and PO₄^3--P were significantly related to the bioaccumulation of QNs in fish. The results of human health risk showed that the hazard quotient (HQ) of CIP (0.0040-0.026) was significantly higher than that of other QNs (≤ 0.0050), and the hazard indices (HI) ranged from 0.0010 to 0.035, indicating a high level of health risk. Therefore, to reduce the health risk, the standard and residue limits of QNs should be set in Baiyangdian Lake.

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