中文关键词重金属土壤健康风险评价正定矩阵分解法(PMF)地统计 英文关键词heavy metalssoilhealth risk assessmentpositive matrix factorization (PMF)geo-statistics

作者	单位	E-mail
韩琳	山东省地矿工程勘察院, 济南 250014	Hanlin198109@126.com
徐夕博	山东师范大学地理与环境学院, 济南 250358	xu_xibo@126.com

中文摘要 为定量评估不同土壤重金属来源带来的人体健康风险差异，选取山东省章丘市为研究区，系统采集425处土壤样品，测定As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb和Zn共8种土壤重金属含量，采用描述性统计特征评估土壤重金属富集状态，进一步利用受体模型正定矩阵分解法（positive matrix factorization，PMF）和地统计技术确定土壤重金属的来源及分配，最后基于重金属来源构建健康风险定量评估模型.结果表明：①表层土壤中As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb和Zn含量均超出背景值，但未超出农用地土壤污染风险筛选值，表明土壤重金属出现一定的富集.②土壤重金属来源可分为3类，Cr和Ni的空间分布大致相当，且与风化母岩空间分布趋势相近，为自然来源，Cd、Cu和Zn受道路运输控制为交通来源，空间分布上受道路布局影响明显，Hg、Pb和As元素含量高值区与工业区城区分布相对应，工业排放和燃煤加剧Hg在土壤中的富集，属于工业来源，其来源占比最大约为41.85%，交通来源和自然来源分别为33.79%和24.36%.③不同种元素在手口、呼吸和皮肤接触暴露途径下产生的非致癌与致癌风险处于可接受范围内，儿童最大致癌（36.53%）与非致癌风险（36.01%）的重金属来源均为工业源，而交通源是成人的最大致癌（34.98%）与非致癌风险（37.06%）来源，重金属来源和暴露途径的差异化规避是降低重金属健康风险的关键. 英文摘要 The aim of this study was to quantitatively assess the human health risks derived from different exposure paths of heavy metals in the soil. Zhangqiu county was selected as the study area, and 425 soil samples were collected to measure the As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn contents. A descriptive statistical method was used to assess the heavy metal pollution status of the soils, and the quantitative sources for human health were then determined based on positive matrix factorization (PMF) and geo-statistical techniques. The results show that the contents of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the soils exceed background values, but do not exceed the risk screening values, indicating that there is slight heavy metals pollution in the soil. The sources of heavy metals in the soil can be divided into three categories. The spatial distribution of Cr and Ni is approximately the same, is similar to the spatial distribution trend of parent materials, and belongs to natural sources. Cd, Cu, and Zn are controlled by transportation. The spatial distribution is significantly affected by the location of road lines. The hot spot areas of Hg, Pb, and As correspond to the locations of the industrial park and the urban area. Industrial emissions and coal combustion increase the accumulation of Hg in the soil, and As, Pb, and Hg are classified as industrial sources. The contribution rate of industrial source is 41.85%, with transportation sources and natural sources being 33.79% and 24.36%, respectively. The non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks under the exposure paths of hand, breathing, and skin are within the acceptable level. For children, the sources of heavy metals with the largest carcinogenic (36.53%) and non-carcinogenic (36.01%) risks are industrial sources. However, transportation is the largest source of carcinogenic (34.98%) and non-carcinogenic (37.06%) risk for adults. Differential avoidance of heavy metal sources and exposure pathways is vital to reducing human health risks.

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