中文关键词PM_2.5减排效果正定矩阵因子分解法(PMF)化学组分民族运动会来源解析 英文关键词PM_2.5emission reduction effectpositive matrix factorization (PMF)chemical compositionthe National Traditional Games of Ethnic Minoritiessource appointment

作者	单位	E-mail
王申博	郑州大学化学学院, 环境科学研究院, 郑州 450001	wangshenbo@gs.zzu.edu.cn
娄亚敏	河南省环境监测中心, 郑州 450046
徐艺斐	郑州市环境保护监测中心站, 郑州 450000
袁明浩	郑州市环境保护监测中心站, 郑州 450000
苏方成	郑州大学化学学院, 环境科学研究院, 郑州 450001
张瑞芹	郑州大学化学学院, 环境科学研究院, 郑州 450001	rqzhang@zzu.edu.cn

中文摘要 利用2019年8月5日至9月30日大气污染物和颗粒物组分在线数据，评估郑州市少数民族运动会空气质量管控效果.根据政府管控措施的实施时间，将研究时期分为管控前（8月5~24日）、管控中（8月25日至9月18日）和解除管控后（9月19~30日）.相较管控前，管控中PM_2.5平均浓度增加2.3 μg·m^-3，解除管控后PM_2.5的浓度增加了11.7 μg·m^-3，解除管控后PM_2.5浓度增幅高于管控中，表明管控措施对颗粒物有显著的减排效果.从颗粒物组分来看，研究期间郑州市主要组分依次是有机物、硝酸根、铵根、硫酸根和地壳元素.相比于管控前，管控期间PM_2.5组分中有机物和硝酸根占比分别上升3.9%和0.9%，硫酸根、铵根和地壳元素的占比下降了1.1%、1.9%和2.2%.利用正定矩阵因子分解法解析颗粒物来源，结果表明二次硫酸、二次硝酸、二次有机气溶胶、机动车源、工艺过程源、扬尘和燃煤是PM_2.5主要来源.管控对一次源中的扬尘、燃煤和工业效果显著，贡献比分别下降8.3%、8.2%和8.1%；机动车贡献上升3.8%；二次有机气溶胶和二次硝酸占比上升.结果表明郑州市此次管控对二次前体物氮氧化物和VOCs的减排效果弱于对一次污染物的管控. 英文摘要 To evaluate the effect of the implementation of emission reduction measures and the improvement in air quality during the National Traditional Games of Ethnic Minorities in Zhengzhou, a series of online instruments were used to continuously observe air pollutants and components of PM_2.5 from August 5 to September 30, 2019. Three cases, including before emission reduction (August 5-24), during emission reduction (August 25 to September 18), and after emission reduction (September 19-30), were classified by the implementation of control measures. The results show that the growing concentration of PM_2.5 after the cancellation of emission abatement measures (11.7 μg·m^-3) was greater than that during the emission reduction (2.3 μg·m^-3) compared to the PM_2.5 concentration before emission reduction. This thus indicates that the control measures have a significant effect on reducing particulate matter. The main components of PM_2.5 were organic matter, nitrate, ammonium, sulfate, and crustal elements. Compared to the proportion of components in PM_2.5 before and during the control periods, organic matter and nitrate increased by 3.9% and 0.9%, respectively, while sulfate, ammonium, and crustal elements decreased by 1.1%, 1.9%, and 2.2%, respectively. The results of source appointment by positive matrix factorization show that secondary sulfate, secondary nitrate, secondary organic aerosols, vehicular emissions, industrial emissions, dust, and coal combustion are the main sources of PM_2.5. Emission abatement measures reduced the contributions of primary sources such as dust, coal combustion, and industry by 8.3%, 8.2%, and 8.1%, respectively. In contrast, the contributions of secondary organic and nitrate aerosols increased during the control periods, which suggested that the control measures implemented in Zhengzhou had a weaker emission reduction effect on nitrogen oxide and volatile organic compounds than on primary sources of PM_2.5.

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