中文关键词湿地植物生物炭(BC)热解表面含氧官能团溶解性有机质(DOM)生态风险 英文关键词wetland plantsbiochar (BC)pyrolysissurface oxygen-containing functional groupdissolved organic matter (DOM)ecological risk

作者	单位	E-mail
蔡朝卉	中国海洋大学近海环境污染控制研究所, 海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室, 青岛 266100 青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室, 海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室, 青岛 266237	caizhaohui1995@163.com
楚沉静	中国海洋大学近海环境污染控制研究所, 海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室, 青岛 266100 青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室, 海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室, 青岛 266237
郑浩	中国海洋大学近海环境污染控制研究所, 海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室, 青岛 266100 青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室, 海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室, 青岛 266237	zhenghao2013@ouc.edu.cn
罗先香	中国海洋大学近海环境污染控制研究所, 海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室, 青岛 266100 青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室, 海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室, 青岛 266237
李锋民	中国海洋大学近海环境污染控制研究所, 海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室, 青岛 266100 青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室, 海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室, 青岛 266237

中文摘要 以典型湿地挺水植物香蒲（Typha angustifolia）为原料，采用慢速限氧热解法在200~500℃下分别热解2 h和6 h制备香蒲生物炭（TBCs），探究热解温度和热解时间对TBCs基本性质的影响，同时以微生物大肠杆菌HB101（E.coli HB101）和农作物油葵（Helianthus annuus）种子为受试生物，初步评估了其生态风险.结果表明，热解时间2 h和6 h对TBCs的性质无明显影响，而热解温度显著影响TBCs的性质.随热解温度的升高，TBCs产率降低；碳（C）和灰分含量增加，氢（H）和氧（O）含量逐渐降低；pH显著增加；表面孔隙结构增加；含氧官能团减少，芳香化程度增加；养分元素总磷（TP）和钾（K）含量显著增加.TBCs中溶解性有机质（DOM）的主要组分为腐殖酸类物质和富里酸类物质，随热解温度升高，腐殖酸类物质含量降低，富里酸类物质含量升高.所有TBCs对E.coli HB101生长和油葵种子萌发无显著影响，表明实验条件下TBCs无潜在生态风险.本研究为湿地废弃生物质资源化利用提供了一种新途径，同时也为筛选适用于贫瘠土壤改良的BC改良剂提供了重要的理论依据. 英文摘要 A batch of biochar was produced from pyrolysis of Typha angustifolia (TBCs) at 200-500℃ for 2 h and 6 h to investigate the effects of pyrolytic temperature and heating retention time on the physico-chemical properties. Moreover, Escherichia coli (E. coli) HB101 and the seeds of Helianthus annuus were used to preliminarily test the ecological risk of the TBCs. Results showed that the heating retention time (i.e., 2 and 6 h) had no significant effect on the properties of TBCs, while pyrolytic temperature significantly affected TBCs' characteristics. As the pyrolysis temperature increased from 200 to 500℃, the mass yield and contents of hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) decreased, while the contents of carbon (C) and ash increased. The pH and surface pores also increased with increasing pyrolytic temperature, whereas the O-containing functional group (e.g., —COOH and —OH) decreased. These results indicated the increased carbonization and aromatization of the TBCs. For the inherent nutrients of TBCs, the total phosphorus (TP) and available potassium (K) contents significantly increased as temperature increased. The main components of dissolved organic matter (DOM) of TBCs were humic acid-like and fulvic acid-like organic compounds. As the pyrolysis temperature increased, the content of humic acid-like organic compounds decreased, while the content of fulvic acid-like organic compounds increased. All the TBCs had no significant effect on the growth of E. coli HB101 and the seed germination of Helianthus annuus, indicating the little ecological risk of TBCs under the experimental conditions. These findings provide an alternative way for resource utilization of waste wetland biomass and provide important theoretical data for screening biochar in soil reclamation.

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