中文关键词A²/O短程硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化脱氮途径脱氮性能微生物种群结构 英文关键词A²/O processpartial nitrification ANAMMOXnitrogen removal pathwaynitrogen removal performancemicrobial community structure

作者	单位	E-mail
刘小钗	西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院, 西安 710055	chaichailiu@163.com
荣懿	西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院, 西安 710055
汶丽杰	西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院, 西安 710055
李党勇	陕西建工安装集团有限公司, 西安 710068
金鹏康	西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院, 西安 710055	pkjin@hotmail.com

中文摘要 针对现有城市污水处理厂普遍面临进水碳源不足影响脱氮效率的问题，通过调控A²/O系统曝气分区比例、溶解氧（DO）浓度和污泥龄（SRT）构建短程硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化系统，以研究不同工况下该系统的脱氮性能、脱氮途径和微生物种群结构的变化情况.研究结果表明在低C/N进水（C/N=5）情况下，该系统具有稳定优良的脱氮性能.在140 d试验过程中，反应器经历了氨氧化细菌（AOB）、亚硝酸盐氧化细菌（NOB）共培养阶段（阶段Ⅰ）、AOB筛分阶段（阶段Ⅱ~Ⅲ）与厌氧氨氧化细菌（AnAOB）富集阶段（阶段Ⅳ），系统的脱氮途径也由初始的全程硝化反硝化逐步转化为短程硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化脱氮；系统的脱氮效率在阶段Ⅳ达到最佳状态，此时该系统出水NH₄⁺-N和TN的平均浓度分别为1.20 mg·L^-1和7.03mg·L^-1，其对应的去除率分别为97.69%和87.83%；Illumina MiSeq测序结果表明，短程硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化的系统中Nitrosomonas和Nitrosospira这两类AOB的富集和Nitrospira、Nitrococcus 和Nitrobacter这3类NOB的淘洗是系统发生短程硝化的主要原因，Candidatus Kuenenia和Candidatus Jettenia这两类AnAOB的富集是系统发生厌氧氨氧化的关键所在，对实现深度脱氮具有重要作用. 英文摘要 To resolve the issue of existing municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in China with an insufficient influent carbon source, a bench-scale A²/O process based on partial nitrification coupled with ANAMMOX was constructed by controlling aeration partition ratio, dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration, and sludge retention time (SRT). In this study, the nitrogen removal performance, nitrogen removal pathway, and microbial community structure of the system under different conditions were investigated. The results showed that the system had excellent nitrogen removal efficiency at low-C/N influent (C/N=5). The A²/O reactor had experienced the co-culture stage (Phase 1), screening stage (Phase 2-3), and enrichment stage (Phase 4) successively during the 140-day experiment, and the nitrogen removal pathway changed from nitrification and denitrification to partial nitrification coupled ANAMMOX in the end. The optimal removal efficiencies of 97.69% for NH₄⁺-N and 87.83% for TN were obtained in the enrichment stage (Phase 4), and the effluent concentration of NH₄⁺-N and TN were 1.20 mg·L^-1 and 7.03 mg·L^-1, respectively. Illumina MiSeq sequencing results showed that the enrichment of AOB including Nitrosomonas and Nitrosospira and the elimination of NOB including Nitrospira, Nitrococcus, and Nitrobacter were the main causes of achieving partial nitrification in the system. The enrichment of AnAOB including Candidatus Kuenenia and Candidatus Jettenia was the key point for the occurrence of ANAMMOX in the system, and thus, played an important role in the achievement of advanced nitrogen removal.

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