中文关键词细颗粒物(PM_2.5)黑炭-气溶胶质谱(SP-AMS)正定矩阵因子分解法(PMF)水溶性有机气溶胶(WSOA)源解析 英文关键词fine particle (PM_2.5)soot particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SP-AMS)positive matrix factorization (PMF)water-soluble organic aerosol (WSOA)source apportionment

作者	单位	E-mail
黄雯倩	江苏理工学院化学与环境工程学院, 常州 213001	15061130535@163.com
陈彦彤	江苏理工学院化学与环境工程学院, 常州 213001
李旭东	江苏理工学院化学与环境工程学院, 常州 213001
赵竹子	江苏理工学院化学与环境工程学院, 常州 213001
马帅帅	江苏理工学院化学与环境工程学院, 常州 213001
叶招莲	江苏理工学院化学与环境工程学院, 常州 213001	bess_ye@jsut.edu.cn
盖鑫磊	南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院, 江苏省大气环境监测与污染控制高技术研究重点实验室, 南京 210044	caxinra@163.com

中文摘要 为探讨常州春季大气细颗粒物（PM_2.5）的化学组成及污染特征，于2017年3月1日~5月30日采集了84个有效样品，对其水溶性离子（WSIIs）、碳质组分（OC和EC）等常规组分进行了测定和分析，并采用黑炭-气溶胶质谱仪（SP-AMS）对水溶性有机气溶胶（WSOA）进行了分析.结果表明，采样期间PM_2.5的日均质量浓度为101.97 μg·m^-3，超标（环境空气质量标准二级标准）率达73.8%，以轻度、中度和重度污染为主，分别占总天数的39.3%、21.4%和13.1%.WSIIs约占PM_2.5的39.86%，其中二次离子（SO₄^2-、NH₄⁺和NO₃^-）占WSIIs的81.85%，阴阳离子电荷平衡的线性拟合直线的斜率（AE/CE）大于1（1.09），表明PM_2.5偏弱酸性.OC/EC比值为2.53，说明受二次转化的影响.SP-AMS分析WSOA组分包含C_xH_y⁺（32.1%）、C_xH_yO⁺（30.4%）、C_xH_yO₂⁺（25.4%）和H_yO⁺（4.7%），其平均氧碳比（O/C）、氢碳比（H/C）、氮碳比（N/C）和有机质-有机碳比（OM/OC）分别为0.72、1.53、0.04和2.15，高的O/C表明春季光化学反应导致的二次转化贡献较大.正定矩阵因子分析模型（PMF）对WSOA的质谱进行解析得到：类烃OA（HOA）、半挥发氧化性-生物质燃烧排放OA（SVOOA-BBOA）和低挥发性氧化性OA（LVOOA）3种有机气溶胶，分别占WSOA总量的18.4%、34.1%和47.4%. 英文摘要 To investigate the chemical composition and pollution characteristics of spring fine particles (PM_2.5) in Changzhou, a total of 84 PM_2.5 samples were collected from March 1st to May 30th, 2017. We measured and analyzed conventional components, such as water-soluble ions (WSIIs) and carbonaceous components (OC and EC). The water-soluble organic aerosol (WSOA) was also analyzed by an aerodyne soot particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SP-AMS). During the sampling period, the average daily PM_2.5 concentration was 101.97 μg·m^-3, with more than 73.8% sampling days exceeding the Target-2 standard of the national ambient air quality standard of China. The air quality during the sampling period was dominated by light, moderate, and heavy pollution, accounting for 39.3%, 21.4%, and 13.1% of the total days, respectively. The total WSIIs accounted for 39.86% of PM_2.5 mass, of which secondary ions (SO₄^2-, NH₄⁺, and NO₃^-) accounted for 81.85% of the total WSIIs. The slope of the linear fitted line of the anion and cation charge balance (AE/CE) was greater than 1 (1.09), which indicated that PM_2.5 was weakly acidic. The average OC/EC ratio was 2.53, indicating that PM_2.5 was influenced by the secondary conversion. WSOA included C_xH_y⁺(32.1%), C_xH_yO⁺(30.4%), C_xH_yO₂⁺(25.4%), and H_yO⁺(4.7%) identified by SP-AMS. The average oxygen-to-carbon (O/C), hydrogen-to-carbon (H/C), nitrogen-to-carbon (N/C), and organic matter-to-organic carbon (OM/OC) ratios of the WSOA were 0.72, 1.53, 0.04, and 2.15, respectively. Higher O/C indicated higher contributions from secondary photochemical reaction conversion in spring. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis for AMS mass spectra of WSOA identified three sources, namely hydrocarbon-like (HOA), semi-volatile oxygenated OA (SVOOA)-biomass burning OA (BBOA), and low-volatility oxygenated OA (LVOOA), which on average accounted for 18.4%, 34.1%, and 47.4% of the total WSOA, respectively.

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