中文关键词安阳PM_2.5水溶性离子存在形式来源 英文关键词Anyang CityPM_2.5water-soluble ionsexistence formssource

作者	单位	E-mail
孙有昌	郑州大学化学与分子工程学院, 郑州 450001 郑州大学环境科学研究院, 郑州 450001	sunyouchang@foxmail.com
姜楠	郑州大学化学与分子工程学院, 郑州 450001 郑州大学环境科学研究院, 郑州 450001	jiangn@zzu.edu.cn
王申博	郑州大学化学与分子工程学院, 郑州 450001 郑州大学环境科学研究院, 郑州 450001
段时光	郑州大学化学与分子工程学院, 郑州 450001 郑州大学环境科学研究院, 郑州 450001
张瑞芹	郑州大学化学与分子工程学院, 郑州 450001 郑州大学环境科学研究院, 郑州 450001	rqzhang@zzu.edu.cn

中文摘要 为探究安阳市大气PM_2.5中水溶性离子的污染特征及其来源，于2018~2019年的典型月份在安阳市采集PM_2.5样品，使用离子色谱测试了9种水溶性离子（Na⁺、NH₄⁺、K⁺、Mg²⁺、Ca²⁺、F^-、Cl^-、NO₃^-和SO₄^2-）.开展了PM_2.5和水溶性离子浓度水平的分析、阴阳离子平衡和氮氧化率（NOR）、硫氧化率（SOR）的计算、离子相关性和主成分分析等.结果表明，安阳市PM_2.5和水溶性离子年均浓度分别为（85.81±45.43）μg·m^-3和（48.21±30.04）μg·m^-3，各离子浓度高低顺序为NO₃^- > SO₄^2- > NH₄⁺ > Cl^- > K⁺ > Ca²⁺ > Na⁺ > Mg²⁺ > F^-；阴阳离子电荷当量数值为0.75~0.94，大气气溶胶显碱性；NH₄⁺和SO₄^2-、NO₃^-以及K⁺和Cl^-等具有显著的相关性；氮氧化率（NOR）和硫氧化率（SOR）的年均值分别为0.25和0.37；SO₄^2-、NO₃^-和NH₄⁺（SNA）的年均浓度为（42.72±27.87）μg·m^-3，占水溶性离子总量的87.14%；春季、夏季和秋季的NH₄⁺主要以（NH₄）₂SO₄和NH₄NO₃的形式存在，冬季的NH₄⁺主要以（NH₄）₂SO₄、NH₄NO₃和NH₄Cl的形式存在；水溶性离子主要来自于二次生成、燃煤、生物质燃烧和扬尘. 英文摘要 We explore the characteristics and sources of water-soluble ions in aerosol fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) samples collected from Anyang, China, during typical seasonal months from 2018 to 2019. Nine water-soluble ions (Na⁺, NH₄⁺, K⁺, Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, F^-, Cl^-, NO₃^-, and SO₄^2-) were analyzed. The analysis of PM_2.5, water-soluble ion concentration levels, anion-cation balance, nitrogen oxidation rate (NOR), sulfur oxidation rate (SOR), and ion correlation showed that the annual average concentrations of PM_2.5 and water-soluble ions in Anyang were (85.81±45.43) μg·m^-3 and (48.21±30.04) μg·m^-3, respectively. Concentrations of ions were ranked as:NO₃^- > SO₄^2- > NH₄⁺ > Cl^- > K⁺ > Ca²⁺ > Na⁺ > Mg²⁺ > F^-. The annual average concentration of the sum of NH₄⁺, NO₃^-, and SO₄^2- was (42.72±27.87) μg·m^-3, which accounted for 87.14% of total water-soluble ions. Moreover, NH₄⁺ was highly related to SO₄^2- and NO₃^-. The mean values of the nitrogen oxidation rate (NOR) and sulfur oxidation rate (SOR) were 0.25 and 0.37, respectively. These results suggest that these ions were the result of secondary formation. The anion-cation charge equivalent value was 0.75-0.94, which indicates that the sampled aerosols were alkaline. NH₄⁺ mainly existed in the form of (NH₄)₂SO₄ and NH₄NO₃ in spring, summer, and autumn, whereas in winter it mainly existed in the form of NH₄Cl. The results of principal component analysis indicated that secondary aerosols, coal combustion, biomass burning, and dust were the main sources of the water-soluble ions in Anyang during the sampled periods.

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