中文关键词丹江口水库氮磷释放速率静态培养Fick扩散定律 英文关键词Danjiangkou Reservoirnitrogen and phosphorusrelease ratestatic incubationFick diffusion law

作者	单位	E-mail
王志齐	华北水利水电大学测绘与地理信息学院, 郑州 450046 水利部河湖保护中心, 北京 100038	wangzhiqi2010@163.com
刘新星	华北水利水电大学测绘与地理信息学院, 郑州 450046
姚志宏	华北水利水电大学测绘与地理信息学院, 郑州 450046
姚伦广	南阳师范学院河南省南水北调中线水源区生态安全重点实验室, 南阳 473061
常跃	水利部河湖保护中心, 北京 100038
刘卓初	华北水利水电大学测绘与地理信息学院, 郑州 450046
曹连海	华北水利水电大学测绘与地理信息学院, 郑州 450046	caolianhai1970@163.com

中文摘要 利用柱状沉积物采样器在丹江口水库采集不同点位原位柱状沉积物，通过静态培养释放实验及间隙水分子扩散模型两种方法获取沉积物-水界面N和P释放速率，分析水体N和P释放特征.结果表明，不同采样点N和P界面交换速率差异显著.静态培养条件下，5个点位NH₄⁺-N和PO₄^3--P释放速率分别为13.07~24.88 mg·（m²·d）^-1和3.06~6.02 mg·（m²·d）^-1；分子扩散模型条件下，5个点位NH₄⁺-N和PO₄^3--P释放速率分别为2.67~7.25 mg·（m²·d）^-1和0.04~0.18 mg·（m²·d）^-1.N和P释放速率总体呈北高南低的趋势，支流N和P最低释放速率分别是主库区最高释放速率的1.48和1.57倍.两种方法均表明郭家山支流N和P的释放速率最高，具有较大内源N和P释放风险.比较两种方法发现，利用Fick定律计算出的界面N和P释放速率明显小于柱样模拟方法得出的结果，N和P的R/F值分别为3.43~4.98和29.67~72.88，这表明用分子扩散模型法进行内源释放速率估算时，偏离真实情况较大，而原柱样静态模拟实验则较贴近真实情况. 英文摘要 In situ sediments were collected at different sites of the Danjiangkou Reservoir using a columnar sediment sampler, and the release rate of N and P at the sediment-water interface was determined through static incubation experiments and the diffusion model of interstitial water molecules. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the release rate for N and P from sediments collected at five sampling sites. The release rates of NH₄⁺-N and PO₄^3--P under static incubation conditions were 13.07-24.88 mg·(m²·d)^-1 and 3.06-6.02 mg·(m²·d)^-1, whereas those estimated by Fick's Fist Law were 2.67-7.25 mg·(m²·d)^-1 and 0.04-0.18 mg·(m²·d)^-1, respectively. Overall, the release rates of N and P in the tributaries were 1.48 and 1.57 times higher than that in the reservoir, respectively, and they tended to decrease from the north to the south. The R/F values of NH₄⁺-N and PO₄^3--P were 3.43-4.98 and 29.67-72.88, respectively. The highest release rates of N and P were observed in the Guojiashan tributary for both methods. However, it was found that the release rates of N and P estimated by Fick's Fist Law were significantly lower than those obtained by the simulation method, indicating that the static incubation experiment with intact sediments allowed the release rates of N and P to be closer to the actual situation compared to the interstitial water molecule diffusion model.

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