中文关键词小麦水稻纳米硒吸收转运 英文关键词wheatriceselenium nanoparticlesabsorptiontranslocation

作者	单位	E-mail
王雅琦	中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 农田土壤污染防控与修复北京市重点实验室, 北京 100193	884314659@qq.com
朱丽娜	中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 农田土壤污染防控与修复北京市重点实验室, 北京 100193
李奎	中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 农田土壤污染防控与修复北京市重点实验室, 北京 100193
王琪	中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 农田土壤污染防控与修复北京市重点实验室, 北京 100193
王康	中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 农田土壤污染防控与修复北京市重点实验室, 北京 100193
郭岩彬	中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 农田土壤污染防控与修复北京市重点实验室, 北京 100193
李花粉	中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 农田土壤污染防控与修复北京市重点实验室, 北京 100193	lihuafen@cau.edu.cn

中文摘要 通过水培试验，研究了不同粒径纳米硒（SeNPs）和不同pH条件对小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）及水稻（Oryza sativa L.）吸收、转运硒的影响.结果表明，小麦和水稻对不同粒径（50、100和150 nm）SeNPs的吸收规律不同.24 h和72 h处理下，小麦根系对3种粒径SeNPs的吸收无显著差异，但其地上部中的硒含量（以干重计，下同）在50 nm SeNPs处理下达到最高，分别为（1.89±0.47）μg·g^-1和（5.18±1.51）μg·g^-1.硒在小麦体内的转运系数也在50 nm SeNPs处理24 h时显著高于其他粒径SeNPs处理2.38倍（P<0.05）.对于水稻而言，50 nm SeNPs处理24 h时根系中的硒含量分别比100 nm和150 nm SeNPs处理增加了11.18%和41.81%，但在72 h时3种粒径SeNPs处理间根系对硒的吸收无显著差异.同时，硒在水稻中的地上部含量和转运系数也在50 nm SeNPs处理达到了最大值.另外，pH条件也会影响植物对硒的吸收和转运.SeNPs处理24 h时，小麦根系在pH为6时对硒的吸收量最大，并高于亚硒酸盐处理89.47%，但在pH为4时小麦对硒的转运能力最强.水稻在pH较低时（pH为3.5和5.5），对SeNPs的吸收量显著低于亚硒酸盐，且SeNPs在pH为3.5时更易转运.以上结果表明水稻和小麦均可以吸收SeNPs，并且在pH较低的环境下SeNPs粒径越小越容易在植物体内转运. 英文摘要 Hydroponics experiments were carried out to study the effects of different sizes of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and different pH on the absorption and transportation of Se by wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.). The results showed that SeNPs with different sizes (50, 100, and 150 nm) had various characteristics with respect to absorption and translocation in wheat and rice. There was no significant difference in the uptake of SeNPs with different sizes by wheat roots after 24 h and 72 h; however, the highest Se content in wheat shoots was (1.89±0.47) μg·g^-1 dry weight (DW) and (5.18±1.51) μg·g^-1 DW under the 50 nm SeNPs treatment after 24 h and 72 h, respectively. Moreover, the transfer factor for Se in wheat under the 50 nm SeNPs treatment was 2.38 times higher than that of the 100 nm and 150 nm treatments. The Se content of rice roots treated for 24 h with the 50 nm SeNPs increased by 11.18% and 41.81% compared to those treated with the 100 nm and 150 nm SeNPs, respectively. There were, however, no significant differences in Se content between all of the SeNPs treatments after 72 h. The Se content of rice shoots and the Se transfer factor both reached the maximum when 50 nm SeNPs were applied. In addition, Se absorption by plants was also affected by pH. Specifically, the amount of Se absorbed by wheat roots treated with SeNPs was the greatest at a pH of 6 after 24 h, which was 89.47% higher than wheat treated with selenite. Furthermore, the highest Se transfer factor occurred at a pH of 4 in wheat. The uptake of SeNPs in rice was markedly lower than that of selenite at low pH values (pH=3.5 and 5.5) and SeNPs was more readily transported at a pH of 3.5. These results demonstrate that SeNPs could be taken up by wheat and rice and that it could be transferred more easily as small particle size (50 nm) than the larger ones (100 nm and 150 nm) at low pH values (pH 3.5).

PDF全文下载地址:

https://www.hjkx.ac.cn/hjkx/ch/reader/create_pdf.aspx?file_no=20191040&flag=1&journal_id=hjkx&year_id=2019