中文关键词A²/O工艺流量分配低C/N生活污水脱氮除磷微生物种群结构 英文关键词A²/O processflow distributionlow-C/N municipal wastewaternutrient removalmicrobial community structure

作者	单位	E-mail
荣懿	西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院, 西安 710055	rongyi@xauat.edu.cn
刘小钗	西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院, 西安 710055
何音旋	西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院, 西安 710055
章武首	陕西朗正环保科技有限公司, 西安 710065
金鹏康	西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院, 西安 710055	pkjin@hotmail.com

中文摘要 针对现有城市污水处理厂进水碳源不足的问题，通过建立多段进水改良A²/O中试反应器处理低C/N（C/N<5）城市污水，以研究多段进水对其脱氮除磷性能和微生物种群结构变化的影响.结果表明，与传统厌氧段进水的模式相比，多段进水优化了进水碳源在厌氧段和缺氧段中的分布，从而提高了系统的反硝化脱氮和反硝化除磷性能；Q_预缺：Q_厌：Q_缺=0.1：0.2：0.3（阶段Ⅳ）为系统的最佳工况，此时出水COD、NH₄⁺-N、TN和TP的平均浓度分别为30.10、1.85、9.41和0.71mg·L^-1，去除率分别为89.41%、95.30%、83.00%和90.09%；在120d的试验过程中，系统均未出现丝状菌膨胀现象，曝气池活性污泥沉降性能良好，好氧池活性污泥SVI随着缺氧段进水比例的增加而降低，至阶段Ⅴ达到最佳状态，此时的SVI和VSS/TSS分别为112.09 mL·g^-1和0.84；通过对各阶段好氧区活性污泥16S rRNA基因测序数据的梳理，发现系统较好的脱氮除磷和污泥沉降性能分别与6类异养型菌属、4类反硝化菌属、5类聚磷菌属和2类菌胶团菌属的富集，3类丝状菌的淘汰密切相关. 英文摘要 To resolve the issue of insufficient influent carbon sources in existing municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in China, a pilot-scale step-feed A²/O process was used to treat low-C/N (C/N<5) municipal sewage with five different inflow distribution ratios. In this study, the effects of influent flow distribution on the removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) were investigated. The results showed that optimal removal efficiencies of 89.41% for COD, 95.30% for NH₄⁺-N, 83.00% for TN, and 90.09% for TP were obtained at an inflow Q_PA:Q_AN:Q_A distribution ratio of 0.1:0.2:0.3. The activated sludge exhibited excellent settleability characteristics, showing a sludge volume index (SVI)<120 mL·g^-1 with an average volatile suspended solids (VSS) total suspended solids (TSS) ratio of 0.84 (Phase 5), and no filamentous bacteria bulking occurred during the 120-day experiment. Moreover, the microbial community structure in the oxic zone was detected by high-throughput sequencing. The results demonstrated that excellent nutrient removal and sludge settling performance of the system were closely related to the enrichment of six types of heterotrophic bacteria, four types of denitrifying bacteria, five types of polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs), and two types of zoogloea and the elimination of three types of filamentous bacteria.

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