中文关键词
燃煤电厂大气污染过早死亡伴随模式高分辨率电网区域 英文关键词coal-fired power plantsair pollutionpremature deathadjoint modelhigh resolutionregional grids |
作者 | 单位 | E-mail | 秦雨 | 清华大学环境学院, 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100084 | qin-y15@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn | 张强 | 清华大学地球系统科学系, 地球系统数值模拟教育部重点实验室, 北京 100084 | qiangzhang@tsinghua.edu.cn | 李鑫 | 清华大学地球系统科学系, 地球系统数值模拟教育部重点实验室, 北京 100084 | | 赵红艳 | 清华大学地球系统科学系, 地球系统数值模拟教育部重点实验室, 北京 100084 | | 同丹 | 清华大学地球系统科学系, 地球系统数值模拟教育部重点实验室, 北京 100084 | | 郑逸璇 | 清华大学地球系统科学系, 地球系统数值模拟教育部重点实验室, 北京 100084 | | 耿冠楠 | 清华大学环境学院, 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100084 | | 贺克斌 | 清华大学环境学院, 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100084 清华大学地球系统科学系, 地球系统数值模拟教育部重点实验室, 北京 100084 | |
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中文摘要 |
基于全国高分辨率燃煤电厂排放数据库,利用全球-区域嵌套的大气化学伴随模式GEOS-Chem Adjoint,分析了全国各电网区域不同类型燃煤机组对PM2.5污染相关健康影响的贡献.结果发现,2010年中国燃煤电厂大气污染物排放产生的PM2.5污染导致10.6万人(95% CI:6.8~13.2万人)过早死亡,占全国人为源PM2.5污染相关过早死亡人数的9.8%.其中,小型机组和老旧机组的健康损失强度(定义为单位发电量导致的过早死亡人数)显著高于大型机组和新建机组.装机容量小于100 MW机组的健康损失强度达到62人·(TW·h)-1,是装机容量600 MW以上机组的2.8倍.类似地,投运年限超过30 a的老旧机组的健康损失强度为58人·(TW·h)-1,是投运年限5 a以内新机组的2.1倍.在电网层面,华中电网的健康损失强度较大,达到77人·(TW·h)-1.进一步分析跨电网区域电力输送隐含的健康损失发现,2010年跨电网输电导致燃煤电厂健康损失较无跨电网输电情景增加过早死亡680人.本研究结果表明我国应当加快小型机组和老旧机组的淘汰步伐,降低燃煤电厂的污染健康影响,同时通过优化区域间输电结构,减少整体污染健康损失水平. |
英文摘要 |
Based on the high-resolution coal-fired power plant emission database, GEOS-Chem Adjoint, a global-regional nested atmospheric chemistry model and its adjoint were applied to analyze PM2.5-related premature deaths caused by the power sector in six grid regions of China due to air pollutant emissions and subsequent pollution. The results show that power sector-related PM2.5 pollution caused 106000 (95% CI:68000-132000) premature deaths in 2010, accounting for 9.8% of China's anthropogenic PM2.5-related premature deaths. The health loss intensity (defined as number of premature deaths caused by a unit of power generation) of small and old units is significantly higher than that of large and new units:units with a capacity below 100 MW reach 62 people·(TW·h)-1, 2.8 times that of units with a capacity above 600 MW. Similarly, the health loss intensity of units older than thirty years is 58 people·(TW·h)-1, 2.1 times that of new units. From the perspective of regional grids, the health impact index of Central China is relatively large, reaching 77 people·(TW·h)-1. Further analysis reveals that transregional power transmission led to a net increase of 680 premature deaths compared with the scenario without transmission in 2010. Our study implies that China should accelerate the pace of phasing out small and old units and optimize the power transmission distribution between grid regions to reduce the overall level of pollution and health losses. |
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