中文关键词沙尘天气水溶性有机碳(WSOC)水溶性无机离子后向轨迹(HYSPLIT)气象条件 英文关键词dust weatherwater-soluble organic carbon (WSOC)water-soluble ionsbackward trajectory model (HYSPLIT)meteorological condition

作者	单位	E-mail
杨阳	首都师范大学化学系分析测试中心, 北京 100048	yy15010061956@sina.com
李杏茹	首都师范大学化学系分析测试中心, 北京 100048 华东师范大学地理科学学院, 地理信息科学教育部重点实验室, 上海 200241
陈曦	首都师范大学化学系分析测试中心, 北京 100048
刘水桥	首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院, 北京 100048
刘雨思	首都师范大学化学系分析测试中心, 北京 100048
徐静	首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院, 北京 100048
王莉莉	中国科学院大气物理研究所, 大气边界层物理和大气化学国家重点实验室, 北京 100029
陶明辉	中国地质大学(武汉)地球科学学院, 武汉 430074
王格慧	华东师范大学地理科学学院, 地理信息科学教育部重点实验室, 上海 200241	wanggh@ieecas.cn

中文摘要 为了解沙尘气溶胶在大气中的物理、化学特性演变，于2017年5月北京沙尘暴发期间，对北京大气中不同粒径颗粒物的质量浓度进行了连续观测，并用离子色谱仪和水溶性有机碳分析仪对其中的主要水溶性化学组分进行了检测.结果表明，沙尘期间TSP及其中的水溶性有机碳（WSOC）、元素碳（EC）、有机碳（OC）和水溶性无机离子的平均质量浓度分别为（2237.59±681.49）、（29.90±18.05）、（1.46±3.05）、（67.35±29.07）和（136.75±46.38）μg·m^-3，除EC变化不大外，其他成分沙尘期浓度远高于非沙尘期，其中Na⁺、NH₄⁺、K⁺、Mg²⁺、Ca²⁺、Cl^-、NO₃^-、SO₄^2-、WSOC的浓度分别为沙尘前的11.55、3.00、14.88、14.89、9.40、4.60、2.40、3.91、1.83倍，浓度增长最为明显的是地壳元素离子，变化最小的为NH₄⁺和NO₃^-；粒径分析表明，地壳元素离子在整个采样期间均在粗粒径段（4.7~5.8 μm）表现出最大浓度；沙尘期间SO₄^2-及NO₃^-均以粗模态为主，沙尘结束后SO₄^2-在0.43~0.65 μm粒径段出现峰值，而NO₃^-依然是在4.7~5.8 μm粒径段出现峰值，表明大部分NO₃^-主要以非均相反应存在于粗粒径段中.沙尘期SO₄^2-与地壳元素离子表现显著的正相关关系，与NH₄⁺没有表现出相关性，表明沙尘期SO₄^2-主要来自于沙尘携带的一次来源，非沙尘期SO₄^2-与地壳元素没有明显的相关性，而与NH₄⁺之间相关系数r=0.70，表明其为非均相二次转化形成.NO₃^-与地壳元素离子和NH₄⁺的相关性分析表明其在沙尘期既有一次来源，也有二次转化，而在非沙尘期主要来源于二次转化过程. 英文摘要 To understand the evolution of the physical and chemical properties of dust aerosols in the atmosphere, the concentrations and chemical compositions of differently sized particles were continuously observed and analyzed using an ion chromatograph and carbonaceous analyzer during the outbreak of dust in May 2017 in Beijing. The concentrations of total suspended particulate (TSP), water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), elemental carbon (EC), OC, and water-soluble inorganic ions were (2237.59±681.49), (29.90±18.05), (1.46±3.05), (67.35±29.07), and (136.75±46.38) μg·m^-3 during the dust period, respectively, and significantly exceeded that of the non-dust period, except for EC. The Na⁺, NH₄⁺, K⁺, Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, Cl^-, NO₃^-, SO₄^2-, and WSOC concentrations during the dust storm period were 11.55, 3.00, 14.88, 14.89, 9.40, 4.60, 2.40, 3.91, and 1.83 times higher than that during the non-dust period. The growth of crustal ions, such as Ca²⁺ and K⁺, was notably the largest and NH₄⁺ and NO₃^- were minimal. The size distribution indicates that crustal ions primarily occur in the coarse mode during the whole sampling campaign. The SO₄^2- and NO₃^- ions are slightly bimodal during the dust storm, with a dominant peak in the coarse mode at 4.7-5.8 μm and a very minor peak in the fine mode with a size range of 0.43-0.65 μm. During the non-dust period, SO₄^2- is the dominant mode in the fine mode, while NO₃^- changes little compared with that during the dust period, which indicates that heterogeneous reaction with crustal ions is the main formation mechanism of NO₃^- in the coarse mode. A significant positive correlation was observed between SO₄^2- and the sum of crustal ions during the dust period, indicating that the source of SO₄^2- during the dust period is remote transmission of the dust storm. During the non-dust period, the positive correlation of SO₄^2- with NH₄⁺ indicates that secondary formation is the main source of SO₄^2-. Based on correlation analysis of NO₃^- with crustal ions and NH₄⁺, both remote transmission and secondary formation are the sources of NO₃^- during the dust storm and heterogeneous reactions are predominant during the non-dust period.

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