删除或更新信息,请邮件至freekaoyan#163.com(#换成@)

西安城区路面细颗粒灰尘重金属污染水平及来源分析

本站小编 Free考研考试/2021-12-31

中文关键词重金属污染评价来源识别受体模型细颗粒灰尘西安 英文关键词heavy metalpollution evaluationsource identificationreceptor modelfiner particle dustXi'an
作者单位E-mail
石栋奇陕西师范大学地理科学与旅游学院, 西安 710119
陕西师范大学地理学国家级实验教学示范中心, 西安 710119
宝鸡文理学院地理与环境学院, 宝鸡 721013
shidq2017@snnu.edu.cn
卢新卫陕西师范大学地理科学与旅游学院, 西安 710119
陕西师范大学地理学国家级实验教学示范中心, 西安 710119
luxinwei@snnu.edu.cn
中文摘要 为揭示高强度人类活动对城市环境质量的影响,在西安市采集文教区、居民区、公园景区和交通区这4个主要功能区道路灰尘样品,利用X-Ray荧光光谱仪测定粒径<63 μm的道路细颗粒灰尘中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Co、V、Mn和Ni的含量,采用地积累指数法和污染载荷指数法评价细颗粒灰尘中重金属的污染水平,运用主成分分析、聚类分析等多元统计学方法识别重金属的可能来源,利用主成分分析-多元线性回归受体模型解析不同来源对道路细颗粒灰尘中重金属的贡献.结果表明,西安市道路细颗粒灰尘中Cu、Pb、Zn和Cr的含量高于陕西土壤背景值,而V、Mn、Ni和Co的含量接近或低于它们的土壤背景值.道路细颗粒灰尘中Co、Mn、Ni、V呈现未污染,Cr、Cu和Zn呈现轻度污染,而Pb为偏中度污染.综合污染评价结果显示,西安市道路细颗粒灰尘中重金属呈现轻度污染.多元统计分析结果表明,Cr、Cu、Pb和Zn显著正相关,属于同一主成分,且在聚类分析中为同一类;V、Mn、Ni和Co为同一类、同一主成分,且显著正相关.结合样品中各重金属元素的含量特征,推断出西安市道路细颗粒灰尘中的重金属主要有两种来源:Cu、Pb、Zn和Cr主要来源于交通源,而V、Co、Mn和Ni主要为自然源.交通源和自然源对西安市道路细颗粒灰尘中重金属的贡献分别为56.7%和43.3%. 英文摘要 Road dust samples were collected from four different functional areas in Xi'an City, i.e., an educational area, a residential area, a park area, and a traffic area, to study the influence of intensive human activities on local urban environmental quality. The contents of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Co, V, Mn, and Ni in the smaller than 63 μm road dust particles were determined by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, and the pollution levels of these metals were assessed by a geoaccumulation index and a pollution loading index. The possible sources of heavy metals measured in the dusts were identified by multivariate statistical analysis methods, including correlation analysis, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis, and the contributions of each source to heavy metals in the dusts were apportioned by a principal component analysis-multiple linear regression receptor model. The results showed that the contents of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Co, V, Mn, and Ni in the smaller than 63 μm road dust particles of urban road dust from Xi'an ranged 14.2-96.9, 23.5-206.1, 20.0-899.4, 122.7-262.8, 7.9-14.2, 48.7-71.5, 274.0-448.9, and 22.4-62.5 mg·kg-1, respectively, with averages of 46.6, 97.4, 169.2, 177.5, 9.8, 57.1, 337.6, and 29.3 mg·kg-1. Compared to the element background values of Shaanxi soil, the finer particles of road dust from Xi'an had elevated contents of Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cr. The finer particles of road dust from Xi'an were unpolluted by Co, V, Mn, and Ni; unpolluted to moderately polluted by Cr, Cu, and Zn; and moderately polluted by Pb. The assessment results of comprehensive pollution indicated that the pollution levels of the heavy metals in the dusts were mainly unpolluted to moderately polluted. The multivariate statistical analysis results displayed that Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn had significant positive correlation. These metals belong to a principal component and a cluster, whereas Mn, Ni, V, and Co belong to another principal component and cluster and have significant positive correlation. Considering the content characteristics of heavy metals in the dusts, these results illustrated that two kinds of sources for the heavy metals studied existed for the finer particles of road dust from Xi'an, i.e., Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cr mainly originated from traffic sources, whereas V, Co, Mn, and Ni were mainly from natural sources. The contributions of traffic sources and natural sources to the heavy metals in the finer particles of the road dust from Xi'an were respectively 56.7% and 43.3%.

PDF全文下载地址:

https://www.hjkx.ac.cn/hjkx/ch/reader/create_pdf.aspx?file_no=20180716&flag=1&journal_id=hjkx&year_id=2018

相关话题/污染 陕西师范大学 道路 地理科学 交通