中文关键词采油井场石油污染群落结构石油降解菌修复潜力 英文关键词oil exploitation siteoil contaminationmicrobial communitieshydrocarbon degradation microorganismremediation potential

作者	单位	E-mail
蔡萍萍	中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所, 石家庄 050061 合肥工业大学资源与环境工程学院, 合肥 230009	cppyjy@163.com
宁卓	中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所, 石家庄 050061 中国地质大学(北京)中国地质科学院, 北京 100083 河北省地下水污染机理与修复重点实验室, 石家庄 050061 中国地质调查局地下水污染机理与修复重点实验室, 石家庄 050061	ningzhuozhuo@163.com
何泽	中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所, 石家庄 050061 河北省地下水污染机理与修复重点实验室, 石家庄 050061 中国地质调查局地下水污染机理与修复重点实验室, 石家庄 050061
张敏	中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所, 石家庄 050061 河北省地下水污染机理与修复重点实验室, 石家庄 050061 中国地质调查局地下水污染机理与修复重点实验室, 石家庄 050061
石建省	中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所, 石家庄 050061

中文摘要 为了评价采油井场石油污染的微生物修复潜力，选取油井旁持续污染区（W）、井场曾经污染区（S）、原泥浆池区（M）和周边农田区（F）这4个不同位置，对0~400 cm不同深度土壤进行调查取样.利用高通量测序技术，对样品16S rRNA基因V4区序列进行测定，结合石油含量、三氮等物化性质，分析了微生物的生物多样性、群落组成及其和环境因子的关系.结果表明，石油污染减少了土壤的生物多样性，石油含量、盐度是造成微生物群落结构差异的最主要环境因子.通过组间差异分析发现，W和M土壤不仅存在着大量的石油降解细菌，其中的高盐样品中还含有嗜盐石油降解古菌.S与F具有相似的群落结构，表明石油烃的自然衰减.因此，该井场具有丰富的石油修复菌种资源，具有很好的微生物修复潜力. 英文摘要 To design a reasonable and effective remediation scheme for soil in contaminated sites, it is necessary to understand the microbial communities in the soil. Samples were collected at different depths (0 cm to 400 cm) in four locations: one that was persistently contaminated and near an oil well, one that was historically contaminated in the middle of the site, one in a mud pit, and one in farmland. High-throughput sequencing of the V4 region of 16S rRNA in these samples was performed. In addition to physico-chemical properties of the soil, the α-diversity, species composition, and differences in species between groups of microorganisms were analyzed, and a principal coordinate analysis and canonical correlation analysis were conducted. Results showed that oil and salt contents in soils were the dominant factors affecting microbial community structure. Hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms were abundant in oil-contaminated soils, whereas halophilic hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms were present in soils with high salt contents. Therefore, hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms might be useful in remediation of oil-contaminated sites.

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