中文关键词黄土丘陵区退耕还林还草土壤细菌群落结构高通量测序技术 英文关键词Loess Hilly regionconverting farmland into forest or grasslandsoil bacteriacommunity structurehigh-throughput sequencing technology

作者	单位	E-mail
陈孟立	西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100	abelardlewis@163.com
曾全超	西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100
黄懿梅	西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100	ymhuang1971@nwsuaf.edu.cn
倪银霞	西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨凌 712100

中文摘要 为了探究黄土丘陵区退耕还林还草工程对土壤细菌群落的影响，本文以宁南山区玉米农地为对照，人工柠条地和天然草地为退耕还林还草的处理，利用Illumina二代高通量测序技术MiSeq对土壤细菌的16S rRNA V3~V4可变区进行测序，研究3种植被下土壤细菌的α多样性、物种组成和丰富度，并结合土壤理化性质探讨影响细菌群落结构的环境因素.3种土壤样品中共检测到细菌29门，76纲，135目，250科，375属，682种，主要的优势菌门为变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、放线菌门（Actinobacteria）、酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）、绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）、芽单胞菌门（Gemmatimonadetes）、厚壁菌门（Firmicutes），主要的优势菌纲为α-变形菌纲（α-Proteobacteria）、放线菌纲（Actinobacteria）、酸杆菌纲（Acidobacteria）、β-变形菌纲（β-Proteobacteria）、嗜热油菌纲（Thermoleophilia）、芽单胞菌纲（Gemmatimonadetes）、杆菌纲（Bacilli）、δ-变形菌纲（δ-Proteobacteria）.与耕地相比，林地的优势菌主要是变形菌门（Proteobacteria）和放线菌门（Actinobacteria），草地的是放线菌门（Actinobacteria）和酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）.柠条林地的土壤微生物多样性最高.通过RDA分析发现，影响本研究区域土壤细菌分布的最主要环境因子是全氮和有机质.研究表明通过退耕还林与还草工程明显地改善了土壤肥力和环境状况，改变了土壤细菌群落组成. 英文摘要 This study investigated the effects of the program aimed at converting farmland into forest or grassland on the soil bacterial diversity in the Loess Hilly region. Corn land was selected as the experimental control, and Caragana intermedia land and Stipa bungeana land were selected as the experimental lands. Soil from three different land use types were selected as subjects. The soil bacterial communities were analyzed using a high throughput sequencing technique (MiSeq). The sequence region was 16S rRNA V3-V4 variable region. The α diversity, community composition, and relative abundances of the soil bacterial groups were analyzed, in order to explore the effects of soil physical and chemical properties on the bacterial community structure. The results showed that the structure and diversity of the microbial communities differed under the different land use types. At the phylum level, the dominant phyla were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadetes, and Firmicutes. At the class level, α-Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, β-Proteobacteria, Thermoleophilia, Gemmatimonadetes, Bacilli, and δ-Proteobacteria were predominant. Compared to the corn land, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were the dominant bacteria in the Caragana intermedia land, while Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria were the dominant bacteria in the Stipa bungeana land. Soil bacterial diversity was the highest in the shrub land. RDA analysis revealed that soil organic matters and total nitrogen were the most influential environmental factors. It was shown thus that the program of converting farmland into forest or grassland has significantly improved the soil fertility and environmental conditions, and the composition of the soil bacterial community has also been appreciably changed.

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