摘要:生态修复是指在不同人为干预程度下，协助已遭受退化、损伤或破坏的生态系统恢复的过程。我国海岸带地区资源丰富、位置优越，但过度的开发建设活动严重破坏了当地的生态环境，急需对受损的海岸带生态系统进行保护和修复。以东营市海岸带地区为例，运用InVEST模型对其2005、2010、2015和2018年4个时间段的碳储存功能进行评估并分析碳储存及"碳源碳汇"的动态变化，以间接反映出区域生态系统的稳定性和健康程度。结果表明，2005-2018年东营市海岸带碳储存功能持续减弱，13年间碳储存总量减少了1.341×10⁶ t，生态系统碳储存功能受到严重破坏，其中有8.68×10⁴ hm²生态系统碳储存功能评价等级为差和极差，空间上受损最为严重的区域主要分布在岸线附近的北部、东北部和东南部。按照东营市海岸带碳损失空间差异和生态系统演替规律，从3个方面提出相应的修复方案，包括加强恢复区保护力度、稳定碳储存能力，整顿辅助区粗放模式、塑造碳储存廊道和退还重建区滨海湿地、扭转碳损失趋势，以期通过改善和恢复研究区海岸带生态系统碳储存功能，实现对受损生态系统的有效保护和修复。



Abstract:According to the concept developed by the Society for Ecological Restoration, ecological restoration is the process of assisting in the recovery of the degraded, damaged or destroyed ecosystems with varying degrees of human intervention. Coastal zone is an extremely important carbon pool in the world. High-intensity development leads to serious degradation of coastal ecosystem and weakening of carbon sequestration capacity of ecosystem. It is urgent to protect and repair the damaged coastal ecosystem. The change of carbon storage function can indirectly reflect the stability and health of the ecosystem. Studying the spatial and temporal variation differences and laws of carbon storage in coastal zones can scientifically guide the protection and restoration of coastal ecosystems. In this paper, the carbon storage function of Dongying coastal zone in 2005,2010,2015 and 2018 was evaluated by InVEST model, and the dynamic changes of carbon storage and ‘carbon source carbon sink’ in the study area were analyzed. According to the spatial difference of carbon loss in coastal zone and the law of ecosystem succession, the restoration scheme was proposed. The results showed that during 2005-2018, a large number of coastal wetlands in the coastal zone were artificially developed, the primary ecological landscape was destroyed, and the carbon storage function continued to weaken. The total amount of carbon storage decreased by 1.34×10⁶ t in 13 years, among which the evaluation level of carbon storage function of regional ecosystem in 868 km² was poor and extremely poor. Spatially, the most severely damaged areas are mainly located in the northern, northeastern and southeastern parts of the coastline, with significant ecosystem destruction and degradation. According to the degree of carbon loss, Dongying coastal zone is divided into natural recovery area, artificial auxiliary area and ecological reconstruction area. By Adjusting and changing land use development methods to mitigate damage to the coastal zone ecosystem from human activities and restoring the native vegetation landscape of the area. In the natural recovery area, it is suggested to strengthen the protection of the recovery area and stabilize the carbon storage capacity. In the artificial auxiliary area, it is suggested to rectify the extensive mode of auxiliary area and shape the carbon storage corridor; In the ecological reconstruction area, it is suggested to return the coastal wetland in the reconstruction area to reverse the trend of carbon loss. By improving and restoring the carbon storage function of coastal ecosystem, the protection and restoration of the overall ecosystem in the study area can be realized.





PDF全文下载地址:

https://www.ecologica.cn/stxb/article/pdf/stxb202011303055