摘要:为更好地保护闽楠天然种群，探究闽楠天然种群特征、空间分布格局及其空间关联性，对针对性地提出保护措施具有重要意义。以贵州台江县登鲁村闽楠天然种群为研究对象，通过野外设置60 m×60 m固定样地，采用种群径级结构代替年龄结构、点格局分析方法分析闽楠种群年龄结构、不同生长阶段空间分布格局及其关联性。结果表明：（1）闽楠种群年龄结构呈倒"J"型分布，幼龄个体数量多，随着年龄增加，能够成功进入后期的个体数量急剧下降，死亡率高。存活曲线趋于Deevey-Ⅱ型，属于稳定型种群。种群在第5龄级（7.5 cm≤DBH<12.5 cm）的生命期望（e_x）最高。（2）闽楠种群分布格局由随机分布转向随机分布。在幼苗、幼树、中树阶段空间分布格局趋于集群分布，大树阶段趋于集群分布。（3）不同生长阶段之间空间关联性表现有所差异。小尺度上，大树与幼树呈负关联，大尺度上，两者呈正关联；小尺度上，幼树与幼苗、大树与幼树都呈正关联，大树和中树无关联，在大尺度上，大树和中树、幼树与幼苗、中树与幼苗以及中树和幼树都呈负关联且随着空间尺度的增加负关联性逐渐增强。总体而言，该闽楠天然种群较稳定，但对环境干扰敏感，幼龄个体因呈聚集分布受密度制约而竞争剧烈，成年个体则因对环境的竞争而呈随机分布。为维持种群的长期稳定，需要分阶段适时进行人工调控。



Abstract:In order to better protect the natural population of Phoebe bournei, exploring the characteristics, spatial distribution pattern and spatial correlation of the natural population of P. bournei is of great significance for proposing protection measures. Taking the natural population of P. bournei in Denglu Village, Taijiang County, Guizhou Province as the research object, a 60 m×60 m fixed sample plot was set up in the field, the age structure, spatial distribution pattern of different ages individuals and their correlation of P. bournei population were analyzed by the population diameter class structure instead of age structure and point pattern analysis methods. The results show that:(1) The age structure of P. bournei population is in an inverted "J" distribution, with a large number of juvenile individuals. With the increase of age, the number of individuals who can successfully enter the later stage drops sharply, and the mortality rate is high. The survival curve tends to Deevey-Ⅱ, indicating it is a stable population. The population has the highest life expectancy (e_x) in the 5th age class (7.5 cm ≤ DBH<12.5 cm). (2) The population distribution pattern of P. bournei changes from the cluster distribution to random distribution. In the stage of seedlings, saplings, and middle trees, the spatial distribution pattern tends to cluster distribution, and the large tree stage tends to random distribution. (3) The performance of spatial correlation between different growth stages is different. On the small scale, the big tree and the sapling are negatively related, and on the large scale, the two are positively related; on the small scale, the sapling and the seedling, the big tree and the sapling are all positively related, and the big tree and the middle tree are not related. On the large scale, large trees and medium trees, saplings and seedlings, medium trees and seedlings, and medium trees and saplings are all negatively correlated, and the negative correlation gradually increases as the spatial scale increases. In generally, the natural population of P. bournei is relatively stable, but it is sensitive to environmental disturbances. Young individuals compete fiercely due to their clustered distribution and are restricted by density, while adult individuals are randomly distributed due to competition with the environment. It is necessary to adjust the population structure at different stage by artificial regulation for maintaining the long-term stable P. bournei population.





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