摘要:蓝绿基础设施对于调节城市气候、应对未来气候变化和增强城市韧性极为重要。采用文献分析法系统梳理城市蓝绿基础设施降温效应研究特点，结合气候区特征从景观、类型和群落斑块尺度上分析蓝绿基础设施降温效应及其关键影响因素，并尝试运用Meta分析统计城市蓝绿基础设施降温效应的定量指标，最终面向规划设计实践需求提出未来城市蓝绿基础设施降温效应研究的三大挑战：（1）衔接城市和街区尺度上蓝绿基础设施降温效应研究，筛选关键的蓝绿基础设施热缓解参数，指导城市绿地系统规划定量指标的设定；（2）整合水平与垂直的多维度蓝绿基础设施降温效应研究，结合街区特征确定降温阈值，以指导控制性详细规划中的蓝绿基础设施布局；（3）探究影响不同单体植物降温效率的核心要素，筛选最优降温植物群落配置，指导场地尺度上植物降温的种植设计。



Abstract:Urban green and blue infrastructure (GBI) plays an extremely important role in regulating urban climate and assisting cities to cope with future climate change and enhance urban resilience. This paper presents a comprehensive review of urban green and blue infrastructure researches on cooling effect trends and hotspots, and the distribution of cooling effect studies in different climatic zones. Most studies focused on surface types and configurations, urban parks and water bodies, roof greening (building energy conservation), ecological benefits, thermal comfort, plant communities, etc. through remote sensing imagery, ground measurement, and comprehensive simulation. Most studies were influenced by the research field (perspective) and the research scale dependence of urban green and blue infrastructure cooling effect was extremely obvious. Based on the Köppen climate classification, the research methods, indicators and key issues are different at scale level. Through the analysis of cooling effect of green and blue infrastructure and its influencing factors from the landscape, patch (corridor) and community scale, we found that the cooling effect was mainly affected by the proportion of ecological land, landscape pattern (landscape scale); patch area, underlying surface type (patch scale); and plant configuration, single plant (community scale), etc. Meta-analysis was used to synthesize data on the cooling effect of parks and the results showed that, on average, a park was 1.39℃ cooler in temperate climate zone and 3.12℃ cooler in continental climate zone. On this basis, this paper summarizes three challenges in the future research on the cooling effect of urban green and blue infrastructure based on the practical needs of urban planning and design:(1) The cooling effect of green and blue infrastructure on city and block scale should be connected to determine key heat mitigation parameters of GBI planning and design, and furthermore provide quantitative indicators for urban green space system planning; (2) The multi-dimensional of the horizontal distribution and vertical transmission spaces on the cooling effect of green and blue infrastructure studies should be integrated, and the characteristics of blocks should be combined to determine the cooling threshold for guiding and optimizing the distribution of GBI in regulatory detailed planning; (3) The pivotal indicators and thresholds of each plant or plant community configurations in heat mitigation should be determined for guiding the plant cooling design on site scale. Further multi-scale and multi-dimensional research is necessary in order to efficiently guide the planning and design of urban green and blue infrastructure in urban growth strategies, and warrants greater consideration in urban planning policy to mitigate the adverse effects of the urban heat islands and enhance climate resilience.





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