摘要:保护成效评估是自然保护区管理和优化的重要基础。选取云南省国家级和省级自然保护区，以SPOT_Vegetation提供的归一化植被指数（Normalized Difference Vegetation Index，简写NDVI），基于NDVI变化趋势（采用一元线性趋势法）和NDVI变化稳定性（采用变异系数法），比较分析了自然保护区内外的植被生长状况，评估了自然保护区的保护成效。结果表明：（1）1998-2015年，云南省国家级和省级自然保护区内、外部NDVI总体呈显著增长，内、外部NDVI呈显著增长的自然保护区分别占总数的64.81%、79.63%，体现自然保护区总体具有较好的保护成效，其集中分布于滇中、滇东北及滇东南。（2）云南省国家级和省级自然保护区内、外部NDVI变异系数无显著性差异，51.85%的自然保护区内部植被长势比其外部稳定，具有较好的保护成效，其主要分布在滇西、滇西南、滇东南和滇东北，但未能反映出自然保护区带来的保护成效的内外部明显的分异。（3）云南省国家级自然保护区的保护成效总体上要好于省级自然保护区。（4）就不同类型的自然保护区而言，森林生态类自然保护区保护成效较好，野生植物类和野生动物类保护成效一般，湿地生态类较差。该研究能为区域自然保护地保护成效评价方法的探索提供参考，研究结果可以为云南省自然保护区优化和完善提供支撑。



Abstract:Assessment of the conservation effectiveness of nature reserves (NRs) is an important basis for the management and optimization of NRs. National NRs (NNRs) and provincial NRs (PNRs) in Yunnan Province were chosen for this study and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was provided by SPOT_Vegetation. Based on the trend of NDVI change (the method of single linear trend) and the stability of NDVI change (the method of coefficient of variation), the study compared and analyzed the differences of plant production between internal and external NRs to evaluate the conservation effectiveness of the NRs. The results showed that: (1) the whole conservation effectiveness of NNRs and PNRs in Yunnan Province was good from 1998 to 2015. The NDVI of internal and external NRs increased significantly, and the proportion of the number of internal and external NRs with significant NDVI growth was 64.81% and 79.63% respectively. In terms of spatial distribution, NRs with significant NDVI growth were concentrated on the central, northeast and southeast of Yunnan Province. (2) There was no significant difference in the NDVI coefficient of variation between internal and external NRs in Yunnan Province. 51.85% of NRs had better conservation effectiveness because the internal vegetation growth was more stable than the external vegetation growth of these NRs. They were mainly distributed in the west, southwest, southeast and northeast of Yunnan Province. It failed to reflect the significant difference between the internal and external protection effectiveness of the NRs. (3) The protection effectiveness of NNRs was generally better than that of PNRs in Yunnan Province. (4) In terms of the type of NRs, the protection effectiveness of forest ecosystem NRs was good, while wild plant NRs and wild animal NRs had moderate conservation effectiveness, and the conservation effectiveness of wetland ecosystem NRs worsened in effectiveness. This research can provide a reference for exploring the assessment methods of conservation effectiveness of the protected areas network on the regional scale, and support the optimization and perfection of NRs in Yunnan Province.





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