摘要:为了揭示大气低温胁迫对中国褐飞虱年内初始迁入的影响，更好地预警来自境外的褐飞虱早期迁入，通过统计2000-2017年中国华南、西南两个稻区褐飞虱年内的始见期和首次迁入峰日，逆推其迁飞轨迹和虫源区，分析大气温度场对迁飞过程产生的作用，比较了褐飞虱在我国不同稻区、不同年内初始迁入期受大气低温胁迫产生的作用差异。结果表明：（1）近年来褐飞虱初始迁入中国的时间提前，初始迁入华南稻区的时间比西南稻区早，华南稻区始见期提早可能与褐飞虱种群越冬北界北移有关。（2）西南稻区褐飞虱年内初始迁入的境外虫源主要来自缅甸，华南稻区年内初始迁入的境外虫源主要来自越南和老挝的中北部。（3）对盛行迁飞层的温场分布研究表明，在褐飞虱年内初始迁入过程中低温屏障发生的概率约为54.4%，迁入当晚降虫地的平均低温强度为13.45℃，平均降温幅度为1.88℃。其中低温胁迫在华南稻区表现更为显著（发生概率为58.3%，平均强度为13.18℃），在始见期表现得更明显（发生概率为70.6%，平均强度为12.53℃）。



Abstract:This paper aims to reveal the effect of atmospheric low temperature stress on the initial immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) in China and conduct effectively warning of the early immigration of the populations from overseas. In this study, the migratory trajectories and source areas of N. lugens were deduced based on the statistics of the annual immigration beginning dates and first immigration peak dates of N. lugens during the period from 2000 to 2017 in the rice-growing regions of South and Southwest China. The influence of atmospheric temperature field on the migrating processes was analyzed and the difference of the impact of atmospheric low temperature stress on N. lugens' initial immigrations between the different rice areas in different years was compared. The results showed as follows: (1) in recent years, the immigration beginning dates of N. lugens into China were earlier than before. The immigration beginning dates into South China were earlier than those in Southwest China in general. The dates of early initial appearance in South China might be related to the northward migrations of N. lugens' population over winter. (2) Initial overseas insect sources of N. lugens in Southwest China were mainly from Myanmar. In South China, the main sources of the initial immigrations in the year came from the middle and northern parts of Vietnam and Laos. (3) The temperature distribution in the prevalent migratory layers showed that the probability of low temperature barriers occurring during the initial immigrations of N. lugens was about 54.4%. The average low temperature stress intensity was 13.45 ℃ and the average cooling range was 1.88 ℃. Among them, the low temperature stress was more significant in South China (the occurrence probability was 58.3%, the average intensity was 13.18℃), and more obvious in the immigration beginning dates (the occurrence probability was 70.6%, the average intensity was 12.53℃).





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