摘要:蟹-稻综合种养模式为我国水产养殖以及农业从单一经营转变为复合经营提供了一种新模式，为了促进蟹-稻共作模式的推广和普及，应用Ecopath生态通道模型对该系统进行了营养结构和能量流动的分析。研究结果表明蟹-稻共作生态系统的最高营养级（3.140）高于稻田单作系统的最高营养级（2.676），生态系统的能量流动主要有两条途径，即以沉水植物和其他维管束植物为起点的牧食链及以碎屑为起点的腐质链；蟹-稻共作农田生态系统在6月和10月的Finn's循环指数（Finn's cycling index，FCI，0.55和1）和Finn's循环平均能流路径长度（Finn's cycling mean path length，FCL，2.066和2.077），稻田单作农田生态系统在6月和10月的FCI （1.14和0.81）和FCL （2.089和2.137），说明蟹-稻共作模式可以形成一个稳定的生态系统，中华绒螯蟹的加入可以促进该完整的生态系统的能量流动，且随着螃蟹的成长，系统成熟度有所提高，只是较单作系统的成熟度低，共作系统有更大的成熟空间；蟹-稻共作农田生态系统在6月和10月的连接指数（Connectance index，CI）分别为0.135和0.135，稻田单作系统在6月和10月的CI为0.188和0.161，共作系统的各功能组之间的连接强度较单作系统弱，稳定程度相对较低，蟹-稻共作农田生态系统的初级生产力显著高于单作农田生态系统，且蟹-稻共作农田生态系统的发育良好。



Abstract:The crab-rice comprehensive breeding model provides a new model for aquaculture and agriculture to change from single management to integrate management in China. In order to promote the popularization of crab-rice co-cropping model, a study was conducted to assess the nutritional structure and energy flow in a system using the ecopath ecological channel model. The results of the study showed that the highest nutrient level of crab-rice co-cropping ecosystem (3.140) was higher compared to that of rice monoculture system (2.676), there are two main ways of energy flow in an ecosystem, namely, the herding and feeding chain with submerged plants and other microtubule plants as the starting point, and the saprophytic chain with detritus as the starting point; rice and crab were used as farmland ecosystem experimental groups in June and October FCI(0.55 and 1) and FCL (2.066 and 2.077). The FCI (1.14 and 0.81) and FCL (2.089 and 2.137) of rice cropping farmland ecosystem control group in June and October showed that the rice-crab joint model can form a stable ecosystem. Besides, Eriocheir sinensis could promote the energy flow of the complete ecosystem, and the system maturity increased with the growth of the crab. The maturity of rice-crab co-cropping farmland ecosystem was lower than that of monoculture system, which indicated that the maturity of rice-crab co-cropping system was more space in the rice co-cropping ecosystem. The connection index of rice and crab farming ecosystem in June and October was 0.135 and 0.135 respectively. In the same months, the link index of rice field monoculture system was 0.188 and 0.161, respectively. The link strength between the functional groups of the co-cropping system was weaker than that of the monoculture system, and the degree of stability was relatively low. The primary productivity of rice-crop farming ecosystem was significantly higher than that of single-cropping farmland ecosystem, and the development of rice-shrimp farming ecosystem was better.





PDF全文下载地址:

https://www.ecologica.cn/stxb/article/pdf/stxb201905171011