摘要:生态文明是人类反思工业文明导致的生态危机后，提出的人与自然和谐共存的新文明范式。自提出以来相关研究成果丰富，但缺乏时间尺度上的系统分类和归纳。为此，借助文献分析常用软件——CiteSpace，分别对Web of Science核心数据库和中国知网近20年中文数据库中生态文明相关文献进行国家/地区合作网络及关键词演进网络分析，以明晰国内外该领域研究进展及前沿，并在梳理生态文明内涵演化趋势基础上，着重分析了生态文明建设评价指标体系及评估方法的现状及不足。研究表明：（1）作为生态文明研究国家/地区合作网络的关键节点，中国早在1983年就有****指出生态文明的不可或缺性，其文献发表量占总数的93%，节点中介中心性为0.56，远高于其他各国，具有重要的领域影响力。尤其在2012年后，这种影响力呈增速扩大态势。（2）国外研究主要介绍中国生态文明理念，探讨生态文明与低碳经济和可持续发展的关系，以及生态文明理论与方法的应用等。（3）国内研究可分为生态文明的内涵、评价指标体系及评估方法三大主题。其中对内涵的界定和扩展主要集中在2010年以前，目前评价指标体系和评估方法成为研究热点。（4）已有文献中生态文明建设评价指标体系以国家、省、市为主，倾向于建设现状的静态评估；我国政府已颁布实施的相关指标体系部分兼顾了评价的长期性及动态性，主要适用于省、市，缺乏国家尺度的整体评估。在评价方法上还缺少系统性和规范化的研究。未来还应更加关注生态文明建设评价的时空分异以及相应的动态趋势评价方法，同时结合大数据等工具不断完善和丰富其理论方法体系。



Abstract:Ecological civilization (EC) is a new paradigm for a harmonization between human beings and nature, which was posed to address the ecological crisis caused by the industrial civilization. A number of research milestones have been achieved since the idea was first proposed. However, there has yet to be any systematic classification or summary along a time scale. To illuminate the progress and frontiers made by domestic and international research groups in the field, we conducted a national and regional cooperative network and keyword evolution analysis of related literature on ecological civilization. Simultaneously, the evolutionary trend of the connotation of ecological civilization was combed, and the status quo and deficiencies of the evaluation indicator system and assessment method of ecological civilization construction were analyzed. The study revealed that: (1) China is a key node in national and regional cooperation network of ecological civilization research. One of her researchers declared that ecological civilization was indispensable to both material and spiritual civilization in 1983. We found that 93% of the ecological civilization articles were from China. The betweenness centrality of the node was 0.56, which was much higher than that of other countries. China also played an important leading role in this field. In particular, its influence has been growing more pronounced since 2012. (2) Foreign research has focused more on the introduction of the idea of China’s ecological civilization, and relationships between low-carbon economy, sustainable development, and ecological civilization. (3) Domestic research covered three primary themes: the connotation, evaluation indicator system, and assessment method of ecological civilization. Before 2010, it mainly focused on the definition and expansion of the connotation. At present, the other two topics have become research hotspots. (4) The existing evaluation indicator systems tend to be used for the static assessment of system status, ignoring the long-term and dynamic nature of ecological civilization construction. Related indicator systems released by the Chinese government were applicable to provincial and municipal assessment, lacking the overall assessment at the national scale. There is still a lack of systematic and standardized research on the evaluation method. In the future, the spatiotemporal differentiation of the ecological civilization construction and the corresponding dynamic assessment methods should be of high concern, to improve and enrich the evaluation theory of the ecological civilization construction in combination with such methods as big data.





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