摘要:通过室内盆栽试验，在生活垃圾堆肥中按质量比添加1%氧化石墨烯（GO）和不同比例的纳米铁（nZVI，1%、3%、5%），研究了GO和nZVI对高羊茅生长和生理特性的影响。结果表明：单独添加GO及共同添加GO和nZVI促进了高羊茅种子萌发，发芽率和发芽指数均在GO+5% nZVI处理达到最大。除1% nZVI处理外，其他添加剂处理显著提高了高羊茅地上生物量和叶绿素含量，在GO+5% nZVI处理达到最大，较对照分别提高25%和31%。添加3%、5% nZVI显著提高了超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化物酶（POD）活性，且随nZVI添加比例的增加而升高。与对照相比，单独添加nZVI以及联合GO处理过氧化氢酶（CAT）与丙二醛（MDA）含量显著降低，随nZVI添加比例的增加而减少，分别在GO+5% nZVI和GO+3% nZVI处理中达到最低，较对照分别降低52%和48%。高羊茅地上部重金属含量随nZVI添加比例的增加而降低，在共同添加GO和nZVI的处理中效果显著，均显著低于对照。可见，nZVI和GO两种材料对堆肥重金属具有固定作用，减少了植物对重金属的吸收，促进了草坪植物的生长。



Abstract:Through indoor pot experiments, the effects of graphene oxide (GO) and nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) on the growth and physiological characteristics of Festuca arundinacea were investigated by adding 1% GO and different ratios of nZVI (1%, 3% and 5%) to municipal solid waste (MSW) compost. The results showed that adding GO alone and GO and nZVI together promoted the germination of F. arundinacea seeds, and the germination rate and germination index were highest with the GO+5% nZVI treatment. Except for 1% nZVI, all other treatments with amendments significantly increased the shoot biomass and chlorophyll content of F. arundinacea, both attaining their highest values with the GO+5% nZVI treatments, which were 25% and 31% higher, respectively, than the control. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) in F. arundinacea increased with the 3 and 5% nZVI treatments, as well as with increasing nZVI-addition ratios. Compared to the control, GO and nZVI treatments significantly decreased the activity of catalase (CAT) and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), which reached their lowest values with GO+5% nZVI and GO+3% nZVI treatments, decreasing by 52 and 48%, respectively. Heavy metal concentrations in plant shoots decreased with increasing nZVI-addition ratios, and the effect was significant with GO+nZVI treatments. The results indicate that both nZVI and GO can immobilize heavy metals in MSW compost, decrease heavy metal absorption in plants, and promote the growth of turfgrass.





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