尹思成¹,
马逸驰¹,
王先云²,
尚光霞¹,
王丽卿^1,3,
张玮^1,3,4,,
1. 上海海洋大学农业部鱼类营养与环境生态研究中心, 上海 201306;
2. 上海城市水资源开发利用国家工程中心有限公司, 上海 200082;
3. 上海海洋大学水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室, 上海 201306;
4. 上海海洋大学水产动物遗传育种中心上海市协同创新中心, 上海 201306

作者简介: 尹思成(1997-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为藻类生态学,E-mail:aquayinsc@163.com.

通讯作者: 张玮,weizhang@shou.edu.cn

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目（41901119）；上海市科学技术委员会2019年度“科技创新行动计划”社会发展领域项目（19DZ1204504）


中图分类号: X171.5

Study on the Allelopathy of Three Kinds of Freshwater Microalgae

Yin Sicheng¹,
Ma Yichi¹,
Wang Xianyun²,
Shang Guangxia¹,
Wang Liqing^1,3,
Zhang Wei^1,3,4,,
1. Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrion of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
2. Shanghai National Engineering Research Centre of Urban Water Resources Co. Ltd., Shanghai 200082, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
4. Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China

Corresponding author: Zhang Wei,weizhang@shou.edu.cn

CLC number: X171.5

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摘要:水体富营养化和气候变暖加剧了入侵蓝藻的全球性扩张；化感作用在此类蓝藻的扩张中可能起到重要的作用，但对不同物种之间的化感竞争关系，仍研究不足。针对近年来上海地区水体出现的金孢藻水华现象，以卵孢金孢藻和2种土著浮游植物（铜绿微囊藻、四尾栅藻）为研究对象，通过滤液培养方式，观测藻类生物量、叶绿素a含量和光合作用荧光活力等指标的变化，探究卵孢金孢藻与2种微藻种间的化感竞争作用。结果表明，在室内BG11培养条件下，铜绿微囊藻滤液仅在实验前4 d对卵孢金孢藻的生长有抑制作用，其潜在最大光合效率（F_v/F_m）和实际光合效率（Yield）先下降后上升，实验结束时与对照组相比无明显差异（P>0.05）；卵孢金孢藻滤液随时间延长对铜绿微囊藻的抑制作用逐渐增强，4 d后比生长率和叶绿素a含量显著低于对照组（P<0.01），对其光合活性影响不显著。四尾栅藻滤液显著抑制卵孢金孢藻的生长，2 d后生物量和叶绿素a含量显著低于对照组（P<0.01），但卵孢金孢藻的光合活性无明显变化；卵孢金孢藻滤液对四尾栅藻的生长和潜在最大光合效率、实际光合效率和最大电子传递速率等无显著影响（P>0.05）。金孢藻与微囊藻和栅藻之间不同的化感响应，表明同一水体中的蓝藻可能更易成为金孢藻的化感抑制目标；同时，化感效应结果与不同物种的自身特性和水体营养水平有关。实验结果进一步探究了卵孢金孢藻与不同浮游植物之间的竞争关系，为进一步了解卵孢金孢藻的扩散和暴发机制积累了基础数据，可为我国新型蓝藻水华的防治提供理论参考。
关键词: 卵孢金孢藻/
水华蓝藻/
化感作用/
光合活性

Abstract:Eutrophication and climate warming trigger the global expansion of invasive cyanobacteria. Allelopathy may be played a critical role in the expansion processes of the cyanobacteria. However, there is still insufficient research on the allelopathy between different species. Given the Chrysosporum bloom has been observed in Shanghai, we study the allelopathic effects among the invasive cyanobacterium Chrysosporum ovalisporum and two local phytoplankton taxa (Microcystis aeruginosa and Scenedesmus quadricauda) by measuring the dynamics of algal biomass, chlorophyll-a concentration, and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. The results showed that under BG11 culture conditions, the M. aeruginosa filtrate only had an inhibitory effect on the growth of C. ovalisporum during the initial 4 days, and it's PS Ⅱ maximum photosynthetic efficiency (F_v/F_m) and PS Ⅱ actual photosynthetic efficiency (Yield) decreased firstly and then increased, there was no significant difference observed compared with the control at the end of the experiment (P>0.05); C. ovalisporum filtrate culture showed a significant inhibitory effect on the specific growth rate and the chlorophyll-a concentration of M. aeruginosa (P<0.01) after 4 d treatment, but there was no significant effect on its photosynthetic activity. S. quadricauda filtrate significantly inhibited the growth of C. ovalisporum. After 2 days' incubation, the biomass and chlorophyll-a concentration of C. ovalisporum were significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.01), but the photosynthetic activity of C. ovalisporum did not change significantly. The C. ovalisporum filtrate had no significant effect on the growth, F_v/F_m, Yield, and maximum electron transport rate (ETR_max) of S. quadricauda (P>0.05). The different allelopathy responses of Chrysosporium to Microcystis and Scenedesmus, suggest that cyanobacteria in the same water body is more likely to be the allelopathic suppression targets of Chrysosporium. At the same time, it also showed that the results of allelopathy were affected by their biological characteristics and the nutritional level in the water body. The results of our study further explored the competitive relationship among C. ovalisporum and different local phytoplankton species, which added basic data for understanding of the mechanism of the global diffusion of C. ovalisporum, and could be used for controlling newly recorded cyanobacterial bloom in China.
Key words:Chrysosporum ovalisporum/
cyanobacteria/
allelopathy/
photosynthetic activity.

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