范文宏,
刘通,
史志伟,
王惠惠,
汪笑龙
北京航空航天大学空间与环境学院, 北京 100191

作者简介: 范文宏(1971-),女,环境科学博士,教授,研究方向为纳米材料毒理学、环境污染化学、环境生物地球化学和环境毒理学,Email:fanwh@buaa.edu.cn.

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(51378041)；教育部博士点基金博导项目(20131102110035)


中图分类号: X171.5

Oxidative Stress and Physiological Damage of Cubic and Octahedral Cu₂O Micro/nanocrystals to Daphnia magna

Fan Wenhong,
Liu Tong,
Shi Zhiwei,
Wang Huihui,
Wang Xiaolong
School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China

CLC number: X171.5

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摘要:为了实现特定的功能和应用，越来越多不同结构特性的纳米材料逐渐被人们精确合成。一些研究指出纳米材料的物理化学特性能够显著影响纳米材料对水生生物的毒性作用，但是对于不同特性的纳米氧化亚铜的毒性研究依然比较缺乏。本研究制备了2种不同形貌和结构的微/纳米氧化亚铜(micro/nano-Cu₂O)晶体，通过对大型水蚤(Daphnia magna)进行72 h的急性暴露实验，测定了大型水蚤体内还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)的含量以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和钠/钾腺苷三磷酸酶(Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase)的活性变化。结果表明在2种不同特性的微/纳米氧化亚铜暴露体系中，大型水蚤体内Cu的积累量差别不大，但是不同结构的micro/nano-Cu₂O对大型水蚤抗氧化酶活性和钠/钾腺苷三磷酸酶活性影响存在差别。与立方体相比，八面体micro/nano-Cu₂O能够暴露更多的{111}面，并且其原子排列使其具有较高的表面能量，因此更容易在大型水蚤肠道内诱导产生活性氧(ROS)及溶出更多Cu²⁺，对大型水蚤产生更强的氧化胁迫和膜损伤。
关键词: 微/纳米氧化亚铜/
大型水蚤/
晶体结构/
氧化应激/
膜损伤

Abstract:To achieve particular functions and applications, more and more nanomaterials with unique structural characteristics were precisely synthetized. Some studies showed that the physicochemical characteristics of nanomaterials can significantly influence their toxicity to aquatic organisms. However, the researches about nano-Cu₂O with different characteristics are rarely reported. In current study, two micro/nano-Cu₂O crystals with different structure and shape (cubic and octahedral) were synthesized and investigated for their toxicity towards Daphnia magna. After 72 h exposure, the Cu accumulation, reduced glutathione (GSH) content, and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and Na⁺/K⁺-adenosine triphosphatase (Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase) in Daphnia magna were measured. It was shown that the Cu accumulation in D. magna had no significant difference between the exposure of cubic and octahedral micro/nano-Cu₂O, but the activities of antioxidase and Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase differed dramatically. It was concluded that octahedral micro/nano-Cu₂O could lead to more serious oxidative stress and membrane damage to D. magna. The possible explanation is that the octahedral micro/nano-Cu₂O could induce higher level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and release more copper ions in the intestine, as the result of exposure to more {111} surfaces and higher surface energy than the cubic micro/nano-Cu₂O.
Key words:micro/nano-Cu₂O crystals/
Daphnia magna/
crystal structure/
oxidative stress/
membrane damage.