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高速动车组气动噪声试验与仿真分析*

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贾尚帅,张文敏,韩铁礼,彭垒.高速动车组气动噪声试验与仿真分析*[J].,2021,40(4):611-618
高速动车组气动噪声试验与仿真分析*
Test and simulation analysis on aerodynamic noise of high-speed train
投稿时间：2020-09-25修订日期：2021-07-07
中文摘要:
通过风洞试验对某高速动车组整车、受电弓及转向架远场气动噪声特性进行分析。试验结果表明,高速动车组远场气动噪声是一宽频噪声,总声能随速度的6.6次方增加；由受电弓引起的远场气动噪声主要集中在中高频,噪声峰值频率随速度变化线性增加；由转向架引起的远场气动噪声主要集中在中低频,噪声峰值频率与速度无关。在此基础上,通过大涡模拟和声扰动方程获得该高速动车组近场噪声。高速动车组远场噪声测点仿真结果与试验结果的最大差值2.2 dB(A),最大相对误差2.5%,表明仿真模型的准确性。仿真结果表明,车头近场噪声以车头鼻尖为界,底部气动噪声能量大于上部流线型气动噪声能量,其中转向架舱位置噪声能量最大,因此进行车内外降噪方案设计时,应重点关注车头转向架舱位置。
英文摘要:
The far-field aerodynamic noise characteristics of high-speed train, pantograph and bogie are analyzed through wind tunnel test. The test results show that, The far-field aerodynamic noise caused by train is broadband noise, and the total sound energy increases with the 6.6-power of speed; The noise caused by pantograph is mainly concentrated in medium-high frequency and the peak frequency increases linearly with the change of wind speeds; The noise caused by bogie is mainly concentrated in medium- low frequency and the peak frequency is independent of the wind speeds. On this basis, the near-field noise of the high-speed train is obtained by large eddy simulation and acoustic perturbation equation. The maximum difference between the simulation results and the test results of the far-field aerodynamic noise is 2.2 dB(A) and the maximum relative error is 2.5%, indicating the accuracy of the simulation model. The simulation results show that, The near-field aerodynamic noise of the head is bounded by nose cones, and the aerodynamic noise energy at the bottom is greater than the top, among which the noise energy of bogie cabin is the largest, therefore, the bogie cabin of the head should be paid more attention when designing the noise reduction scheme for the high-speed train.
DOI：10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2021.04.016
中文关键词:高速动车组气动噪声风洞试验FW-H方程声扰动方程
英文关键词:High-speed trainAerodynamic noiseWind tunnel testFW-H equationAcoustic perturbation equation
基金项目:
作者单位E-mail
贾尚帅中车唐山机车车辆有限公司技术研究中心jiashangshuai@tangche.com
张文敏中车唐山机车车辆有限公司技术研究中心zhangwenmin@tangche.com
韩铁礼中车唐山机车车辆有限公司技术研究中心hantieli@tangche.com
彭垒中车唐山机车车辆有限公司技术研究中心penglei@tangche.com
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