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北极海域海洋环境噪声建模与特性分析

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谭靖骞,曹宇,黄海宁,郭慧.北极海域海洋环境噪声建模与特性分析[J].,2020,39(5):690-696
北极海域海洋环境噪声建模与特性分析
Modeling and characterization of marine ambient noise in the Arctic
投稿时间：2019-12-19修订日期：2020-08-30
中文摘要:
北极海域海洋环境噪声的特殊性在于具有偶发的尖脉冲声，为分析其特性与规律，首先建模仿真分析不同脉冲噪声下高斯分布与α稳定分布的拟合效果，验证后者的鲁棒性。再从实测北极海域噪声中选取三种典型环境噪声为样本，通过对其非高斯性判定及不同分布模型对比，验证α稳定分布在北极海域环境噪声统计特性建模中的有效性，同时研究不同深度、不同频段对模型参数的影响，最后通过各月参数的统计结果与海冰密集度分析冰下噪声成因。由于通道数量有限，没有给出所有深度的变化规律。结果表明，北极海域冰下环境噪声具有明显脉冲成分和非高斯性，利用α稳定分布能更好的描述其统计特性；100Hz可作为冰下环境噪声脉冲性干扰源的划分界限；结冰期环境噪声具有强烈的非高斯性，而冰封期则高斯性较强。
英文摘要:
The particularity of the marine ambient noise in arctic ocean lies in the occasional sharp pulse sound, in order to analyze its characteristics and rules, the fitting effect of gaussian distribution and alpha-stable distribution under different impulse noises is firstly analyzed by simulation modeling. Then three typical types of noise are chosen as samples from the measured arctic ocean noises to verify the effectiveness of alpha-stable distribution in modeling the statistical property of marine ambient noise in the Arctic through non-gaussian determination and comparison of different distribution models, while the effects of different depths and frequency bands on model parameters are also studied. Finally, the under-ice noise causes are analyzed through the statistical results of monthly parameters and ice concentration. Due to the limited number of channels, the variation rules of all depths are not given. The results show that the under-ice ambient noise in the Arctic is obviously non-gaussian with impulse components, whose statistical properties can be described by alpha-stable distribution; 100Hz can be used as the dividing limit of interference source of under-ice ambient noise; In freezing period, the ambient noise has an obvious non-gauss character, while in frozen period it’s more gaussian.
DOI：10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2020.05.006
中文关键词:北极海域 环境噪声 统计特性 α稳定分布 海冰密集度
英文关键词:the Arctic ocean, ambient noise, statistical property, alpha-stable distribution, ice concentration
基金项目:
作者单位E-mail
谭靖骞中国科学院声学研究所jingqian_tan@sina.com
曹宇中国科学院声学研究所
黄海宁中国科学院声学研究所
郭慧中国科学院声学研究所
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