Study on spatial distribution and its influencing factors of natural tourism resource in China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor
ZHOULi1,, WUDianting1, LIZehong2,3,, WANGYongming1, QIAOLuming1, XIAOYe1 1. Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China2. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China 通讯作者:通讯作者:李泽红,E-mail: lizehong@igsnrr.ac.cn 收稿日期:2018-04-23 修回日期:2018-10-9 网络出版日期:2018-11-20 版权声明:2018《资源科学》编辑部《资源科学》编辑部 基金资助:国家科技基础资源调查专项(2017FY101300;2017FY101302)国家旅游局“万名旅游英才计划”基金项目(WMYC20171092)中国科学院重点部署项目(ZDRW-ZS-2016-6-5) 作者简介: -->作者简介:周李,男,安徽宣城人,博士生,研究方向为区域与旅游规划。E-mail: 704145369@163.com
关键词:经济走廊;自然旅游资源;空间格局;影响因素 Abstract Tourism resources are the foundation of the development of tourism. The integration of cross-border tourism resources and the co-construction of cooperation model are the important issues of "the Belt and Road" national strategy. Using the nearest neighbor index, geographic concentration index, Gini coefficient, kernel density analysis, and other mathematical and spatial analysis methods, the spatial pattern and influencing factors of the natural tourism resources in China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor of "the Belt and Road" are identified and characterized. The conclusions can be drawn as the following: (1) The natural tourism resources of the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor are spatially aggregative, and the distribution density generally presents a “multi-core” distribution pattern, mainly concentrated in the Moscow-Saint Petersburg region, Ekaterina-Tyumen region, Novosibirsk region, Baykal Lake urban agglomeration, and coastal areas of China and Russia. (2) Natural tourism resources are usually along lakes, rivers, borders, and artery traffic. (3) Topographical features, lakes, and water systems are the internal factors that affect the distribution of natural tourism resources, while economic development level, traffic accessibility, population size and others are important external forces affecting its distribution.(4) The natural tourism resources of the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor are complementary. Different geological foundations and natural geographical conditions are associated with different types of natural tourism resources. The precipitation in Mongolia is rare, mainly grassland. In the northeast of China, the plain is widespread and the soil is fertile, forming natural tourism resources based on forests. Russia is located in a high-latitude region across the Eurasian continent, where plateaus and plains are interlaced, and forming natural tourism resources dominated by lakes, snow, ice, and forests. Therefore, under "the Belt and Road" Initiative, the government departments of China, Mongolia, and Russia should make full use of the complementarity of natural tourism resources, create differentiated tourism products, actively innovate tourism cooperation development modes, and jointly build the “International Tourism Belt of China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor”.
Keywords:economic corridor;natural tourism resources;spatial distribution;influencing factors -->0 PDF (6652KB)元数据多维度评价相关文章收藏文章 本文引用格式导出EndNoteRisBibtex收藏本文--> 周李, 吴殿廷, 李泽红, 王永明, 乔路明, 肖晔. 中蒙俄经济走廊自然旅游资源格局及影响因素研究[J]. 资源科学, 2018, 40(11): 2168-2176 https://doi.org/10.18402/resci.2018.11.03 ZHOULi, WUDianting, LIZehong, WANGYongming, QIAOLuming, XIAOYe. Study on spatial distribution and its influencing factors of natural tourism resource in China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor[J]. RESOURCES SCIENCE, 2018, 40(11): 2168-2176 https://doi.org/10.18402/resci.2018.11.03
中蒙俄国际经济走廊研究区横跨中国东北及华北边境地区、蒙古国、俄罗斯东西伯利亚和远东南部,区域总面积达920万km2,其中中国199万km2,俄罗斯645万km2,蒙古76万km2(图1)。具体包括中国黑龙江、吉林、辽宁和内蒙古4个省(自治区);蒙古国中央、色楞格、中戈壁、南戈壁、东方、东戈壁、肯特、苏赫巴托尔8个省;俄罗斯19个边疆区(共和国、州、市),包括远东联邦区的滨海边疆区、哈巴罗夫斯克边疆区、犹太自治州、阿穆尔州,西伯利亚联邦区的外贝加尔边疆区、布里亚特共和国、伊尔库茨克州、克拉斯诺亚尔斯克边疆区南部、图瓦共和国、阿尔泰边疆区、新西伯利亚州、鄂木斯克州、乌拉尔联邦区的秋明州、斯维尔德洛夫斯克州、波尔姆边疆区、基洛夫州、鞑靼斯坦共和国、莫斯科市、圣彼得堡市。根据世界旅游组织和世界银行统计,2016年中蒙俄三国共接待国际入境游客8424.5万人,国际旅游收入达576.34亿元。中蒙俄三国旅游业发展势头强劲,旅游资源互补性强,已成为国际旅游经济发展的重要带动力量。 显示原图|下载原图ZIP|生成PPT 图1中蒙俄经济走廊研究区范围 -->Figure 1The case region of China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor -->
2.2 数据来源与处理
借鉴郭鹏等[20]采用的方法,从世界自然保护区联盟官网(http://www.iucn.org)、联合国教科文组织官网(http://uis.unesco.org)获取研究区2017年自然旅游资源(自然保护区、世界自然遗产)的名称和经纬度数据,将其统计、整理成Excel数据库,导入Arcgis 10.3生成自然旅游资源分布图(图2)。经统计自然保护区数量为4374个,世界自然遗产数量为4个,其中研究区俄罗斯自然保护区数量为4067个,世界自然遗产数量为3个;蒙古自然保护区数量为3个,世界自然遗产数量为1个(与俄罗斯共同享有);中国自然保护区数量为304个。 显示原图|下载原图ZIP|生成PPT 图2中蒙俄经济走廊自然旅游资源空间分布 -->Figure 2The spatial distribution of natural tourism resources in China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor -->
3.2.1 地理集中指数 地理集中指数是测度研究对象集中程度的重要指标。其公式为[33]: (2) 式中,G为研究区自然旅游资源地理集中指数,G取值在0~100之间,G值越大,自然旅游资源分布越集中;G值越小,自然旅游资源分布越分散;Xi为研究区第i个区域的自然旅游资源数量;T为自然旅游资源总数;n为区域数量。 根据中蒙俄三国的行政区划以及自然旅游资源分布状况,将研究区分为中国东北部地区(包括黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古),蒙古国中东部地区(包括中央、色楞格、中戈壁、南戈壁、东方、东戈壁、肯特、苏赫巴托尔),俄罗斯远东地区(包括远东联邦区的滨海边疆区、哈巴罗夫斯克边疆区、犹太自治州、阿穆尔州),西伯利亚地区(包括外贝加尔边疆区、布里亚特共和国、伊尔库茨克州、克拉斯诺亚尔斯克边疆区南部、图瓦共和国、阿尔泰边疆区、新西伯利亚州、鄂木斯克州),乌拉尔-伏尔加地区(包括秋明州、斯维尔德洛夫斯克州、波尔姆边疆区、基洛夫州、鞑靼斯坦共和国),圣彼得堡-莫斯科地区6个区域(表1)。 Table 1 表1 表1自然旅游资源在六大分区中的分布 Table 1Distribution of natural tourism resources in six areas
本文将研究对象选定为世界自然保护联盟认定的自然保护区以及联合国教科文组织公布的世界自然遗产地,考虑到数据的可获取性,并未对中蒙俄经济走廊文化旅游资源的空间分布格局及影响因素进行研究。因此,今后需要将文化旅游资源类型纳入到研究体系,以便更准确地揭示中蒙俄经济走廊旅游资源空间格局特征及其影响因素,最大限度的提升学术研究的严谨性。此外,由于数据缺乏,仅从定性的角度分析中蒙俄经济走廊自然旅游资源格局的影响因素,未能采用定量方法对其进行分析。 The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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