徐行^1,,
吴琼^2,,,
涂君¹,
陈凯³,
王浩森⁴
1. 广州海洋地质调查局, 广州 510760
2. 中国地震局地球物理研究所, 北京 100081
3. 中国地质大学(北京), 北京 100083
4. 南方科技大学, 广东深圳 555001

基金项目: 广东省级促进经济发展专项资金（海洋经济发展用途）专项"天然气水合物先导区建设与资源区块优选项目（GDME2008-001）"和国家重大科学仪器设备开发专项"海洋地磁场矢量测量仪开发与应用"（2014YQ100817）联合资助


详细信息

作者简介: 徐行, 男, 1963年生, 教授级高级工程师, 从事海洋地质-地球物理勘探技术方法研究工作.E-mail: gz_xuxing@163.com

通讯作者: 吴琼, 男, 1980年生, 研究员, 博士, 主要从事地球物理观测仪器研制和技术方法研究工作.E-mail: wuqiong@cea-igp.ac.cn

中图分类号: P738

收稿日期:2020-04-29
修回日期:2021-03-06
上线日期:2021-04-10

Seafloor orientation technique: the introduction of its principle, structure, and applications

XU Xing^1,,
WU Qiong^2,,,
TU Jun¹,
CHEN Kai³,
WANG HaoSen⁴
1. Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, Guangzhou 510760, China
2. Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100081, China
3. China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
4. Centre for Marine Magnetism(CM2), Department of Marine Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen Guangdong 555001, China


More Information

Corresponding author: WU Qiong,E-mail:wuqiong@cea-igp.ac.cn

MSC: P738

--> Received Date: 29 April 2020
Revised Date: 06 March 2021
Available Online: 10 April 2021


摘要
摘要:海底定向测量技术可为海底观测、原位探测和沉积物取样等海洋地质与地球物理调查提供高精度姿态方位信息，进而拓展海洋科学与工程研究领域.本文系统介绍了自主研发海底磁方位仪的工作原理、技术方法.系统误差分析表明，海底磁方位仪的定向精度与其安装环境中的软磁材料对测点位置地球磁场干扰的情况密切相关.本文针对性的提出一套可行的磁补偿试验方法，有效地消除安装环境中软磁材料对整机定向精度的影响.实际案例和典型应用的分析研究表明，在无电器设备的情况下，整机系统定向精度小于1°.而有电器的设备环境中，定向精度在3~5°范围左右，可满足目前海洋地学调查中对方位信息的测量需求.
关键词: 深海海底/
定向技术/
罗差/
磁补偿/
磁方位仪

Abstract:Seafloor orientation survey technique can provide high-precision information for seafloor observation, in-situ detection, and sediment sampling. Thus, it greatly expands the research fields of marine science and engineering. In this paper, we systematically introduce our self-developed seafloor magnetic azimuth meter, including its working principle and technique method. The analysis of the system errors indicates that the accuracy of the equipment is closely associated with the interference of geomagnetic field in the measurement position caused by the soft magnetic materials in the equipment's working environment. Moreover, we purposefully present a set of feasible magnetic compensation test method in this paper, which can effectively eliminate the influence of the equipment's system errors by interference of geomagnetic. Through typical application research and practical cases, we find that in non-electrical equipment, the system orientation accuracy is less than 1°, while in the environment of electrical equipment, the orientation accuracy of the system is around 3~5°.
Key words:Seafloor/
Orientation technique/
Compass deviation/
Magnetic compensation/
Magnetic azimuth meter



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