丁燕^1,2,3,,
杜启振^1,2,,,
刘力辉³,
张强^1,2,4
1. 中国石油大学(华东)深层油气重点实验室, 青岛 266580
2. 青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室海洋矿产资源评价与探测技术功能实验室, 青岛 266580
3. 北京诺克斯达石油科技有限公司, 北京 100192
4. 中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 山东东营 257055

基金项目: 中国科学院战略性先导专项（XDA14010303）和高等学校学科创新引智计划（"111计划"）致密油气地质与勘探创新引智基地、深层-超深层油气地球物理勘探创新引智基地联合资助


详细信息

作者简介: 丁燕, 女, 1985年生.在读博士研究生, 主要从事地震资料解释性处理、储层预测方面的研究.E-mail:yan_ding@foxmail.com

通讯作者: 杜启振, 男, 1969年生.教授(博士生导师), 1991年毕业于中国石油大学(华东), 主要从事地震弹性波传播理论与成像方法研究.https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3913-763X.E-mail:multi-wave@163.com

中图分类号: P631

收稿日期:2018-02-08
修回日期:2019-02-25
上线日期:2019-06-05

Feature analysis and compensation of seismic low-frequency based on compressed sensing and broad-band Yu-type low-passing shaping filter

DING Yan^1,2,3,,
DU QiZhen^1,2,,,
LIU LiHui³,
ZHANG Qiang^1,2,4
1. Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas, China University of Petroleum(East China), Qingdao 266580, China
2. Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266580, China
3. Beijing Rockstar Petroleum Technology Co., LTD, Beijing 100192, China
4. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development of Shengli Oilfield Company, SINOPEC, Dongying Shandong 257055, China


More Information

Corresponding author: DU QiZhen,E-mail:multi-wave@163.com

MSC: P631

--> Received Date: 08 February 2018
Revised Date: 25 February 2019
Available Online: 05 June 2019


摘要
摘要:碳酸盐岩储集层已成为世界石油新发现储量的重要组成部分，识别该类储层对地震数据的信噪比、分辨率以及成像精度提出了更高的要求.本文从地震低频信号缺失的问题出发，首先研究了低频信号缺失对子波、合成地震记录和波阻抗反演的影响，其次分析了深层碳酸盐岩裂缝储层中弱信号低频缺失的特征.针对低频信号缺失问题，本文利用压缩感知理论，并结合反射系数的稀疏特性，提出了自适应计算L₁范数权重因子的方法，同时构建了改进的宽带俞式低通整形滤波器，在不影响地震高频信号的同时对地震弱信号进行低频补偿.结果表明，缺失低频信号，会使子波旁瓣变大，合成记录出现假同相轴，厚层波阻抗反演畸变，深层碳酸盐岩裂缝储层弱信号难以识别；而本文方法有效地补偿了深层碳酸盐岩裂缝储层弱信号10Hz以下的频率成分，使得波组反射特征更加清晰，深层弱信号成像质量得到改善，为进一步有效识别深层碳酸盐岩裂缝储层建立了基础.
关键词: 碳酸盐岩储层/
低频缺失/
压缩感知/
自适应L₁范数权重因子/
宽带俞式低通整形滤波器

Abstract:The carbonate reservoir has become a significant portion of new-added reserve for oil industry. But the identification of carbonate reservoir requires higher SNR, resolution and imaging precision for seismic data. Starting from the problem of low-frequency seismic signal loss, this paper first studies its influence on wavelet, synthetic seismic records and wave impedance inversion. The features of weak signal from deep carbonate fracture reservoir in the absence of low-frequency component is also analyzed. To solve the problem, an adaptive method for computing L₁ norm weighting factor is proposed with the use of compressed sensing theory and the sparse property of reflection coefficient. The paper also establishes an improved broad-band Yu-type low-passing shaping filter, which compensates the low-frequency components of seismic signal and preserves the high-frequency information at the same time. The results show that the missing of low-frequency signal can lead to the increase of wavelet side-lobe, emergence of false events in the synthetic records, and the distortion of thick layer wave impedance inversion, thus making it difficult to identify the weak signal from deep carbonate rock fracture reservoir. The method presented in this paper can effectively compensate frequency component below 10Hz of weak signal from deep carbonate fracture reservoir, after which the reflection events group becomes clearer and the weak signal imaging quality is improved. This further provides good basis for the identification of deep carbonate fracture reservoir.
Key words:Carbonate reservoir/
Low-frequency loss/
Compressed sensing/
Self-adaptive L₁ norm weight factor/
The broad-band Yu-type low-passing shaping filter



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