顾延生^1,2,,
米雨川³,
曾剑威⁴,
付中彪³,
刘红叶^1,2,
蒋仁⁴,
管硕³
1. 中国地质大学(武汉)生物地质与环境地质国家重点实验室, 湖北 武汉 430078
2. 中国地质大学(武汉)湿地演化与生态恢复湖北省重点实验室, 湖北 武汉 430074
3. 中国地质大学环境学院, 湖北 武汉 430078
4. 中国地质调查局南京地质调查中心, 江苏 南京 210016

基金项目: 中国地质调查局"长江三角洲沪宁杭地区区域地质调查"项目（批准号：DD20190043）和国家自然科学基金项目（批准号：41572153）共同资助


详细信息

作者简介: 顾延生, 男, 51岁, 教授, 第四纪环境地质专业, E-mail: ysgu@cug.edu.cn

中图分类号: K871.13, Q913.84

收稿日期:2021-03-02
修回日期:2021-06-18
刊出日期:2021-09-30

The discovery of early Neolithic rice phytoliths embedded in the sand-tempered pottery and its environmental significance in the hinterland of Hangjiahu Plain

GU Yansheng^1,2,,
MI Yuchuan³,
ZENG Jianwei⁴,
FU Zhongbiao³,
LIU Hongye^1,2,
JIANG Ren⁴,
GUAN Shuo³
1. State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences(Wuhan), Wuhan 430078, Hubei
2. Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution and Eco-Restoration(WEER), China University of Geosciences(Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, Hubei
3. School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences(Wuhan), Wuhan 430078, Hubei
4. Nanjing Center, China Geological Survey, Nanjing 210016, Jiangsu


MSC: K871.13, Q913.84

--> Received Date: 02 March 2021
Revised Date: 18 June 2021
Publish Date: 30 September 2021


摘要
摘要:由于考古记录缺失，杭嘉湖平原至今尚没有新石器早期古人类活动报道。本研究报道了WZ05钻孔埋深25 m左右夹砂陶片记录的新石器早期古人类活动信息及环境背景。夹砂陶片赋存了有意义的水稻和芦苇扇型植硅体，其他疑似水稻植硅体化石包括：泡状细胞方型、长方型、扇型，短细胞哑铃型，长细胞突起棒型、刺状棒型，以及维管组织螺旋管状植硅体和刺状毛细胞等，可见稻壳双峰植硅体。AMS ¹⁴C测年与沉积相分析表明，研究区在10000 cal.a B.P.左右尚未出现高海平面或大规模海侵活动，暖偏干气候环境和广泛暴露的河漫滩环境有利于古人类活动。陶片水稻和芦苇植硅体化石表明该时期古人类聚集于河谷淡水区域开展农业活动，与新石器早期上山文化遗址古人类活动具有可比性。本次发现证实杭嘉湖平原腹地新石器早期存在古人类活动，也为区域环境考古和古地理重建提供了参考。
关键词: 杭嘉湖平原/
新石器早期/
夹砂陶/
水稻植硅体/
古人类活动

Abstract:Up to now, due to the lack of archaeological records, there are no reports of early Neolithic human activities in Hangjiahu Plain, Eastern China. This paper reported the early Neolithic human activities and its environmental background based on the analysis of sand-tempered pottery at the depth of about 25 m inside the WZ05 borehole(GPS position: 30.681°N, 120.458°E), elevation of 5 m. There are significant cuneiform bulliform phytoliths originated from rice and Phragmites remained in the sand-tempered pottery, and the rest are mostly suspected rice phytoliths including bulliform cells(parallepipedal bulliform cells, cuneiform bulliform cells), short cells(bilobates), long cells(elongates echinate), vascular tissue(cylindric sulcate tracheids), hair cells, and few of double-peaked glume cell of rice husk. The results of AMS ¹⁴C dating and sedimentary facies analysis revealed that there is no high sea level or large-scale transgression activity in the study area about 10000 years ago, and the warm dry climate environment and extensive exposure to floodplain environment are beneficial to ancient human activities. The remained fossil phytoliths of rice and Phragmites embedded in sand-tempered pottery showed that the ancient human gathered in the freshwater area of the valley in this period to carry out agricultural activities, which was comparable to the ancient human activities of the early Neolithic Shangshan Culture Site. This discovery confirms the existence of ancient human activities in the early Neolithic period in the hinterland of Hangjiahu Plain, and also provides significant reference for regional environmental archaeology and paleogeographic reconstruction.
Key words:Hangjiahu Plain/
early Neolithic/
sand-tempered pottery/
rice phytoliths/
ancient human activity



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