陈州美子^1,3,,
万世明^1,2,,,
张晋¹,
黄杰¹,
刘书明⁴,
李安春¹
1. 中国科学院海洋研究所, 中国科学院海洋地质与环境重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266071
2. 青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋地质过程与环境功能实验室, 山东 青岛 266237
3. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
4. 中海辉固地学服务(深圳)有限公司, 广东 深圳 518068

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（批准号：42076052）和中国科学院（B类）战略性先导科技专项项目（批准号：XDB40010100）共同资助


详细信息

作者简介: 陈州美子, 女, 26岁, 硕士研究生, 海洋沉积学研究, E-mail: 386319051@qq.com

通讯作者: 万世明, E-mail: wanshiming@ms.qdio.ac.cn

中图分类号: P593;P736

收稿日期:2021-02-12
修回日期:2021-04-18
刊出日期:2021-07-30

Evolution of C₃/C₄ vegetation in Eastern China since the Late Pliocene: Evidence from black carbon record in the South Yellow Sea

CHEN Zhoumeizi^1,3,,
WAN Shiming^1,2,,,
ZHANG Jin¹,
HUANG Jie¹,
LIU Shuming⁴,
LI Anchun¹
1. Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, Shandong
2. Laboratory for Marine Geology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, Shandong
3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
4. China Offshore Fugro Geosolutions(Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518068, Guangdong


More Information

Corresponding author: WAN Shiming,E-mail:wanshiming@ms.qdio.ac.cn

MSC: P593;P736

--> Received Date: 12 February 2021
Revised Date: 18 April 2021
Publish Date: 30 July 2021


摘要
摘要:陆地植被是全球生态系统的重要组成部分，其C₃/C₄组成类型及演化进程对于理解过去生态系统对全球变化的响应及适应机制具有重要科学意义。晚上新世以来东亚C₄植被扩张的时间、过程和机制等仍存很大争议，尤其缺少长江流域C₃/C₄植被相对丰度演化的地质记录及不同纬度植被演化的时空综合对比。本研究利用大陆架科学钻探计划在南黄海钻取的CSDP-1孔约300.10m长的岩芯沉积物的黑碳含量、通量及碳同位素组成，重建了晚上新世以来中国东部地区C₃/C₄植被演化历史。研究发现，在晚上新世（约3.0~2.6Ma），黑碳碳同位素组成发生明显正偏，指示沉积物源区长江流域的C₄植被相对丰度的增加，可能受到了中低纬度地区干旱化增强及大气CO₂浓度下降的共同影响；而中高纬度如黄土高原地区的C₄植被则相对减少，推测更低的温度可能成为了C₄植被生长的限制因素。中更新世（约1.0Ma）以来，黑碳碳同位素比值整体负偏，表明源区C₄植被相对丰度减少。尽管沉积物源区在0.8Ma左右转变为纬度更高的黄河流域，但东亚不同纬度地区记录均显示了碳同位素负偏，表明这是一区域现象，分析认为全球气候变冷是影响中更新世以来C₄植被演化的重要因素。本研究揭示出，除了全球性的因素（大气CO₂浓度）外，区域气候（温度和干旱度）在东亚地区C₃/C₄植被长期演化中具有重要影响。
关键词: C₄植被演化/
黑碳/
干旱/
全球变冷/
南黄海/
晚上新世-更新世

Abstract:Terrestrial vegetation is an important part of the global ecosystem. The C₃/C₄ evolution has great implication for our understanding the response and adaptation mechanisms of ecosystem to global changes. The timing, processes and mechanism of C₄ plant expansion in East Asia since the Late Pliocene are still controversial. Especially, the evolution history of C₃/C₄ plant in the Yangtze River Basin at the middle latitude and its comparison with plant evolution through different latitude regions of East Asia remains unclear. Here we firstly reported the black carbon record from the Continental Shelf Drilling Program(CSDP) Core CSDP-1(34°18'N, 122°22'E; water depth 52.5m; 300.10m in length and since 3.5Ma) from the South Yellow Sea drilled by Research Vessel KAN 407 in June 2013, as well as surface sediment samples of seven major rivers in Eastern China. The content, mass accumulation rate(MAR) and carbon isotopic composition of black carbon extracted from sediments of core CSDP-1, were used to reconstruct the C₃/C₄ vegetation evolution in Eastern China since the Late Pliocene. During the Late Pliocene(ca. 3.0~2.6Ma), the carbon isotopic composition of black carbon of the study core shows more positive values, indicating the increased relative abundance of C₄ plants in the Yangtze River Basin during that period. We suggest that such evolution was possibly controlled by the increased aridity in East Asia and the decline of atmospheric CO₂ concentration at the Late Pliocene. In contrast, reduced C₄ vegetation abundance in the mid-high latitude regions(i.e., the Loess Plateau) in the Late Pliocene likely suggests that lower temperature became the limited factor for growth of C₄ vegetation. Since the Middle Pleistocene(ca.1.0Ma), the carbon isotope composition of black carbon at core CSDP-1 reversed to more negative, suggesting that the relative abundance of C₄ vegetation in the source area declined at that period. Although the sediment source of the study area shifted from the Yangtze River to the Yellow River located at higher latitude since about 0.8Ma, similar negative trend of carbon isotope composition from different latitudes of East Asia suggests that it's a regional phenomenon of C₄ vegetation evolution, which was likely caused by global cooling since the Middle Pleistocene. A comprehensive review suggests the very different evolution trend of C₃/C₄ plant in different latitude regions of East Asia from modern to million year time-scale. Specifically, stronger aridity of the low-middle latitude regions would preferably increase the abundance of C₄ plant, while low temperature in middle-high latitude regions is more critical in limiting the growth of C₄ plant. Therefore, this study highlights the significant influence of regional climate(i.e., temperature and aridity) in C₃/C₄ vegetation evolution in East Asia, although we cannot exclude the possible role of atmospheric CO₂ level.
Key words:C₄ plant evolution/
black carbon/
aridity/
global cooling/
South Yellow Sea/
Late Pliocene-Pleistocene



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