况雪源^1,,
韩跃超¹,
王志远²
1. 南京大学大气科学学院, 江苏 南京 210023
2. 浙江师范大学地理与环境科学学院, 浙江 金华 321004

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目（批准号：2016YFA0600504和2017YFA0603803）和国家自然科学基金项目（批准号：41775073和42075020）共同资助


详细信息

作者简介: 况雪源, 女, 49岁, 副教授, 气候变化与数值模拟研究, E-mail:xykuang@nju.edu.cn

中图分类号: P467;P534.63

收稿日期:2020-11-28
修回日期:2021-03-01
刊出日期:2021-05-30

Dynamic downscaling simulation of millennial climate in China since the Last Glacial Maximum——Climate comparison of three typical periods

KUANG Xueyuan^1,,
HAN Yuechao¹,
WANG Zhiyuan²
1. School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu
2. College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang


MSC: P467;P534.63

--> Received Date: 28 November 2020
Revised Date: 01 March 2021
Publish Date: 30 May 2021


摘要
摘要:本研究基于古花粉反演的自然植被变化，结合冰芯重建的温室气体资料，利用全球耦合气候模式CCSM3全变量强迫瞬变试验（TraCE-21 ka）模拟的月平均资料作为侧边界，嵌套高分辨率区域气候模式RegCM4.1进行了末次冰盛期以来千年尺度气候的动力降尺度模拟，再现了中国区域气候高精度时空分布。通过对末次冰盛期、全新世中期及现代这3个特征时期模拟结果的对比得知，自末次冰盛期以来中国气温和降水变化有显著区域和季节差异，其中东部地区变化大于西部地区，夏秋季变化高于冬春季。与现代相比，末次冰盛期气候寒冷干燥，尤其是华南地区；全新世中期呈现出冬春偏冷、夏秋偏热的季节非一致性变化，意味着该时期气温的年振幅增大，其降水量呈北多南少分布，表明东亚夏季风较强，雨带偏北。此外，东北及青藏地区降水峰值强度、华北和华南降水峰值位置以及江淮流域降水强度在不同时期的差异表明了古季风降水模拟的复杂性和难度。
关键词: 末次冰盛期/
千年尺度/
动力降尺度/
RegCM4/
TraCE-21 ka

Abstract:The climate evolution since the Last Glacial Maximum(LGM) comprehensively reflects the complex non-linear physical processes under the influences of solar radiation change, interaction of the earth systems and effect of the rapid increase of aerosols and greenhouse gases caused by human activities. To reconstruct the climate pattern of China since the LGM is of great significance to understand the regional difference of paleoclimate and predict its future image. In this study, based on the variations of solar orbital parameters, natural vegetation distributions retrieved from pollen and greenhouse gases of ice core reconstruction, the dynamic downscaling modelling on the millennial scale climate of China since the LGM were carried out by using the monthly mean atmospheric circulation data of the fully-forced transient experiment results(TraCE-21 ka) as lateral boundary nested into the regional climate model(RegCM4) and 22 sets of simulation from 21 ka B. P. to 0 ka B. P. were obtained. Comparison of the dynamic downscaling results with TraCE-21 ka and modern observations indicate that the dynamic downscaling simulation could more precisely capture the regional differences of climate in China, and reproduce its high-precision historical change.
Based on the dynamic downscaling simulation, we choose three typical periods of LGM, mid-Holocene and modern era for comparison to further discuss the climate change of China. The significant regional and seasonal differences in temperature and precipitation variations since the LGM were detected. The climate change in the eastern region is more significant than that in the western region, and in summer-autumn is higher than in winter-spring. Relative to modern times, the climate of the LGM was cold and dry with the temperature 2~10℃ lower in most areas, especially in South China and Northeast China; In this period, the rainfall region was mainly located in the Yellow River Basin and the southern part of Northeast China, which was far different from the modern pattern and the reasons need to be further studied. During the mid-Holocene, the temperature in summer was slightly higher than that in modern times with magnitude within 2℃, whereas in winter it was 0~4℃ lower than that in modern times in most areas. This non-uniform seasonal change with colder winter-spring and warmer summer-autumn relative to the present climate implies that the enlarged annual amplitude of temperature occurred in mid-Holocene. Meanwhile, the precipitation difference distribution of "positive in north and negative in south" between mid-Holocene and modern era reveals that the East Asian summer monsoon in mid-Holocene was stronger and the rain belt was far northward than the modern times.
Additionally, the changes of precipitation peak intensity in Northeast China and Tibet Plateau, the location of precipitation peak in North China and South China, and the precipitation intensity in the Yangtze and Huaihe River Basin indicate the complexity and difficulty in paleomonsoon precipitation simulation, which need more studies.
Key words:Last Glacial Maximum/
millennium scale/
dynamic downscaling/
RegCM4/
TraCE-21 ka



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