冉祥滨^1,2,,
王永吉³
1. 国家海洋局第一海洋研究所, 海洋生态研究中心, 山东 青岛 266061
2. 青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室, 海洋地质过程与环境功能实验室, 山东 青岛 266237
3. 国家海洋局第一海洋研究所, 海洋沉积与环境地质国家海洋局重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266061

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:41776089)和中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费——束星北青年****项目(批准号:2017S03和2017Q10)共同资助


详细信息

作者简介: 冉祥滨, 男, 38岁, 副研究员, 海洋化学专业, E-mail:rxb@fio.org.cn

中图分类号: Q913.84;P941.77;P595;P343.5

收稿日期:2018-08-15
修回日期:2018-09-24
刊出日期:2019-01-30

The role of phytolith in the transport of riverine silica

Ran Xiangbin^1,2,,
Wang Yongji³
1. Research Center for Marine Ecology, First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, Shandong
2. Laboratory for Marine Geology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, Shandong
3. Key Laboratory of Marine Sedimentology and Environment Geology, First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, Shandong


MSC: Q913.84;P941.77;P595;P343.5

--> Received Date: 15 August 2018
Revised Date: 24 September 2018
Publish Date: 30 January 2019


摘要
摘要:高等植物产生的植硅体是古气候和古环境研究的重要手段，也是陆地硅循环中重要的硅的储库；植硅体通过河流的跨区域输送在全球硅的生物地球化学循环中起着重要作用，是区域硅循环研究的重要载体，然而这方面的关注却很少。河流输送的生物硅大致分为自源和异源两种类别。"自源"生物硅主要包括河流水体本身自生浮游植物（主要是淡水硅藻）产生的硅质颗粒；"异源"生物硅主要由流域土壤的侵蚀输出到河流的植硅体所构成。流域地表过程是使得部分土壤中的植硅体进入河流的主要途径，并成为河流生物硅输送中重要的形式，这对河流-河口水循环体系的硅生物地球化学循环过程产生了重要的影响，但人们对河流输送的植硅体在硅循环中的作用的研究还不够。文章着眼于陆海相互作用研究，以河流中水体携带的植硅体为中心，总结了河流植硅体输送在地表水体硅循环系统中贡献的研究进展，分析了长江与黄河植硅体入海通量与河口行为及对近海海洋环境的影响。最后，对未来河流输送的植硅体参与硅循环研究可能需要加强的科学问题提出了建议。
关键词: 植硅体/
硅循环/
河流/
硅输送

Abstract:The phytoliths produced by higher plant is an important tool in the study of paleoclimate and paleoenvironment, which can be employed to reconstruct the terrestrial vegetation changes in the past. There is an increase in studies of phytolith records for reconstructing pre-Quaternary vegetation changes that links to the climate change and carbon cycling. It has therefore been becoming a hot topic worldwide. In fact, the phytoliths in soils, rivers, and coastal areas are also a kind of reactive silica that deeply participates in the global silica cycle, balancing the CO₂ concentrations and controlling the carbon sequestration. Accumulations of phytoliths in the soil are a major reactive silica pool in land, and also a source of riverine biogenic silica. Basin processes could transport part of phytolith from the soil to river, which always was neglected by the previous studies of silica cycling. The transport of phytolih silica in rivers plays an essential role in the local and global biogeochemical cycle processes, and results in long-term ecosystem effect in the ocean margin. Based on the available studies, the river-borne biogenic silica is normally composed by the one from autogenic source produced by the diatom and external source yielded by phytoliths from land soils. As a case study about the Changjiang River and the Huanghe River, the phytoliths could contribute approximately 50% of loading to that of the bulk biogenic silica, which should be included in the silica budget in the river. Damming in the Changjiang and the Huanghe Rivers results in a decline in the loading of riverine biogenic silica, and may thus alter the composition of biogenic silica in the estuary. Therefore, there is a need to bring the phytoliths into the silica cycling research in the river. However, specific pathways and mechanisms governing the abundance, transport and fluxes of biogenic silica from different sources remain poorly understood in the river system. The study of biogenic silica from different sources, the chemical behavior of phytoliths in the river and estuary and the contribution of phytoliths to local silica cycling would have important significance in exploring the silica cycling in river-estuary systems, especially for the huge river in the world. And, the variation of phytoliths in sediments in the coastal zone could provide useful information in assessing damming effect. These works would be needed for better understanding of global scale biogeochemical cycles of silicon and other elements as well as the changing estuary environment.
Key words:phytolith/
silica cycling/
river/
silica transport



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