Peng Chen
Yuan-Yuan Li
Meng-Wen Li
Qi Liu
Wen-Lu Pan
Dong-Ming Xu
Jing Bai
Li-Biao Zhang
Jie Tang
Peng Shi
a State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China;
b Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
c Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China;
d Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China;
e Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
Funds: the China National Center for Biotechnology Development (2020YFC0847000)
We thank Hui Yang for his valuable comments. This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31930011, 31922010, 31871270), China
the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KJZD-SW-L11)
and the Yunnan Fundamental Research Project (No. 2019FI008), China. J.T. was supported by the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (IRT_16R37). L.B.Z. was supported by the GDAS Special Project of Science and Technology Development (2018GDASCX-0107).
Received Date: 2021-01-08
Accepted Date:2021-06-06
Rev Recd Date:2021-05-15
Publish Date:2021-11-20
Abstract
Abstract
Exposure to intense noise can damage cochlear hair cells, leading to hearing loss in mammals. To avoid this constraint, most mammals have evolved in relatively quiet environments. Echolocating bats, however, are naturally exposed to continuous intense sounds from their own and neighboring sonar emissions for maintaining sonar directionality and range. Here, we propose the presence of intense noise resistance in cochlear hair cells of echolocating bats against noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). To test this hypothesis, we performed noise exposure experiments for laboratory mice, one nonecholocating bat species, and five echolocating bat species. Contrary to nonecholocating fruit bats and mice, the hearing and the cochlear hair cells of echolocating bats remained unimpaired after continuous intense noise exposure. The comparative analyses of cochleae transcriptomic data showed that several genes protecting cochlear hair cells from intense sounds were overexpressed in echolocating bats. Particularly, the experimental examinations revealed that ISL1 overexpression significantly improved the survival of cochlear hair cells. Our findings support the existence of protective effects in cochlear hair cells of echolocating bats against intense noises, which provides new insight into understanding the relationship between cochlear hair cells and intense noises, and preventing or ameliorating NIHL in mammals.Keywords: Echolocation,
ISL1,
Noise protection,
Bats,
Hair cells
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