Baoheng Gui
Taosheng Huang
aDivision of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
bMaternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530002, China
cHuman Aging Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
More InformationCorresponding author: E-mail address: Taosheng.Huang@cchmc.org (Taosheng Huang)
Received Date: 2017-07-26
Accepted Date:2017-11-18
Rev Recd Date:2017-10-29
Available Online: 2018-02-14 Publish Date:2018-02-20
Abstract
Abstract
The mitochondrial organelle is crucial to the energy metabolism of the eukaryotic cell. Defects in mitochondrial function lie at the core of a wide range of disorders, including both rare primary mitochondrial disorders and more common conditions such as Parkinson's disease and diabetes. Inherited defects in mitochondrial function can be found in both the nuclear genome and the mitochondrial genome, with the latter creating unique challenges in the treatment and understanding of disease passed on through the mitochondrial genome. In this review, we will describe the limited treatment regimens currently used to alleviate primary mitochondrial disorders, as well as the potential for emerging technologies (in particular, those involving direct manipulation of the mitochondrial genome) to more decisively treat this class of disease. We will also emphasize the critical parallels between primary mitochondrial disorders and more common ailments such as cancer and diabetes.Keywords: Mitochondrial disease,
Genetic disorders,
Therapy
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