摘要:基于天津均一化的逐日平均、最低和最高气温观测数据，以及利用天津区域自动站定时观测气温整合数据对城乡台站的划分结果，研究分析了天津地区1959～2000年、1959～2005年、1959～2012年、1959～2017年4个时段平均温度和极端温度事件的趋势特点及其变化幅度。结果表明，天津地区的气温增暖是毋庸置疑的，4个时段年平均气温增加幅度分别达1.35°C、1.65°C、1.71°C、2.05°C，其中，冬季上升幅度相对最大，分别为2.45°C、2.82°C、2.55°C、2.86°C。城市化导致的年平均气温增暖幅度在逐年增强，4个时段的增暖贡献分别达3.73%、3.71%、4.73%、5.17%，但对于冬季来说，乡村区域的增暖趋势幅度明显大于城市区域，这一特点在年和季节极端冷事件（TN10p、TX10p）和极端最低气温事件（TNn）中有明显表现。因此，在时间尺度上，城市化对天津地区的平均和极端温度增暖影响仍然是较为显著的，并且乡村区域的城市化进程相对城市区域更为突出。
关键词:均一化气温数据/
气温增暖/
极端气温/
城市化影响
Abstract:The trend changes of average and extreme temperatures in Tianjin during 1959–2000, 1959–2005, 1959–2012, and 1959–2017 were analyzed based on the homogenized daily mean, minimum, and maximum temperature data and the classification of urban and rural area derived from the hourly integrated temperature data at automatic stations. Results indicate a warming change in Tianjin, which is evident from the annual mean temperatures increasing by 1.35°C, 1.65°C, 1.71°C, and 2.05°C of the four-time periods, respectively. The annual mean temperatures for the four-time periods are observed to be largest in winter with increases of 2.45°C, 2.82°C, 2.55°C, and 2.86°C, respectively. The annual mean temperature warming caused by Tianjin's urbanization increases yearly with the warming contributions of 3.73%, 3.71%, 4.73%, and 5.17% of the four-time periods to the whole region, separately. However, the warming amplitude in the rural area during winter is significantly larger than that in the urban area, as revealed from the annual and seasonal extreme cold events (TN10p and TX10p) and extreme minimum temperature events (TNn). Therefore, the urbanization effect on the average and extreme temperature warming in Tianjin is still significant on the time scale. Furthermore, urbanization in rural areas is more prominent than that in urban areas.
Key words:Homogenized temperature data/
Warming/
Temperature extremes/
Urbanization effect
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