摘要:在全球气候变化影响下，长白山区的降水量发生着显著的变化，降水强度也发生着不同程度的变化。明确长白山区不同等级降水的降水量和降水天数的变化趋势对于揭示长白山区水资源演变规律具有重要意义。本研究基于长白山区气象观测站点的逐日降水数据，选取不同等级降水指标，分析了1961～2018年长白山区不同等级降水时空变化特征。结果表明：近60年，长白山区年均降水量呈现不显著的下降趋势（?0.31 mm/a），降水天数呈现显著的下降趋势（?0.16 mm/a），平均降水强度呈现不显著的上升趋势。不同等级降水变化主要体现为：小雨、中雨和大雨年均降水量和降水天数呈现下降趋势，而暴雨年均降水量和降水天数呈现不显著的增加趋势。长白山区年均降水量和降水天数的减少主要受小雨、中雨和大雨降水量和降水天数的减少影响。不同季节降水变化方面，长白山区春冬季降水量呈增加趋势，夏季和秋季降水量和降水天数均呈下降趋势。
关键词:长白山区/
降水/
降水天数/
降水强度/
时空变化
Abstract:Changbai Mountain is an area that is sensitive to climate change. Under the influence of global climate change, the amount and intensity of precipitation are changing significantly in Changbai Mountain. Understanding the changes in the amount and days of the different grades of precipitation is of great significance for revealing the evolution of water resources in Changbai Mountain. Based on the daily precipitation data from the meteorological stations, the authors analyzed the temporal and spatial variations of the different grades of precipitation in Changbai Mountain from 1961 to 2018. From 1961 to 2018, over the Changbai Mountain, the annual precipitation showed a weak decreasing trend (?0.31 mm/a), precipitation days showed a significant decreasing trend (?0.16 d/a), and precipitation intensity showed an insignificant increasing trend. With respect to changes in the different grades of precipitation, the amount and days of low, moderate, and high intensity rainfalls show a decreasing trend, while the amount and days of rainstorm show an insignificant increasing trend. The decrease in the annual precipitation and precipitation days was mainly caused by the decrease in the precipitation and precipitation days of low, moderate, and high intensity rainfalls in Changbai Mountain. With respect to the precipitation changes in Changbai Mountain for different seasons, precipitation increased in spring and winter but decreased in summer and autumn.
Key words:Changbai Mountain/
Precipitation/
Precipitation day/
Precipitation intensity/
Spatial?temporal change
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