摘要:本文利用中尺度模式WRF（weather research and forecasting）模拟了2016年干季和湿季高黎贡山南段（腾冲—保山地区）山谷风环流，分析YSU、MYJ、MYNN3、ACM2和BouLac五种边界层参数化方案在高黎贡山复杂下垫面的适用性。研究结果表明YSU方案对温度模拟的效果最好；ACM2模拟的风速平均绝对误差最小；MYNN3方案模拟的风向绝对误差最小，YSU方案和MYJ方案模拟的风向日变化趋势与观测更加一致。高黎贡山南段地区上午09时（北京时，下同）出现谷风环流，夜间19时转为山风环流。白天多为偏南风，夜间为偏北风和偏西风。白天山顶气流辐合而山谷气流辐散，夜间相反。白天风速大于夜间。干季西风风力较弱，有利于低层局地环流的发展；而湿季受较强的偏东背景风影响时，局地环流的发展受到抑制，边界层高度也就低于干季。干季西风遇到高黎贡山，在西坡下沉并形成涡旋，西侧湍流混合充分，边界层高度高；湿季偏东风使高黎贡山西侧谷风减弱，腾冲与保山的边界层高度相差不大。
关键词:WRF模式/
高黎贡山/
边界层参数化方案/
山谷风/
局地环流
Abstract:In this paper, the mesoscale weather research and forecasting (WRF) model is used to simulate mountain-valley wind circulation in the region of south Gaoligong Mountains in the dry and wet seasons, in 2016, respectively. The applicability of five layer parameterization schemes (YSU, MYJ, MYNN3, ACM2 and BouLac) under complex underlying surface of the Gaoligong Mountains is compared. The results show that the YSU scheme performs best in temperature simulation. The mean absolute error of wind speed simulated by the ACM2 scheme is the smallest, and the absolute error of wind direction simulated by the MYNN3 scheme is the smallest. The diurnal variation of wind direction simulated by the YSU and MYJ schemes is more consistent with the observation. Valley wind circulation in the southern Gaoligong Mountains appears at 0900 BJT and turns to mountain wind circulation at 1900 BJT. Southerly wind mostly prevails in the daytime and northerly and westerly wind at night. During the day, the airflow converges at the top of the mountain and diverges in the valley. At night, it is opposite. The wind speed in daytime is greater than that at night. In the dry season, the west wind is weak, which is conducive to the development of local circulation in the lower troposphere. In the wet season, the eastward background wind is strong, suppressing the development of local circulation; thus, the height of the boundary layer is shorter than that in the dry season. In the dry season, the westerly wind meets the Gaoligong Mountains, sinks on the west slope, and forms vortices, and then the turbulence on the west side is well mixed, leading to a deep boundary layer. In the wet season, the easterly wind weakens the valley wind on the west side of Gaoligong Mountains, and the height of the boundary layer between Tengchong and Baoshan is similar.
Key words:WRF model/
Gaoligong Mountains/
boundary layer parameterization scheme/
mountain-valley wind/
local circulation
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