王国强1,,,
谢刚2,
彭岩波2
1.北京师范大学水科学研究院，城市水循环与海绵城市技术北京市重点实验室， 100875，北京
2.山东省环境规划研究院， 250101，山东济南
基金项目:国家科技重大专项资助项目（2017ZX07302004）
详细信息
通讯作者:王国强（1978—），男，教授，博士. 研究方向：水文学研究. e-mail：wanggq@bnu.edu.cn
中图分类号:S718.52；Q958.8计量
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被引次数:0
出版历程
收稿日期:2020-03-26
网络出版日期:2020-07-29
刊出日期:2020-06-01
Characteristics of phytoplankton and macrozoobenthos communities in Nansihu Lake under the influence of hydrologic pulse
Qing LI1,Guoqiang WANG1,,,
Gang XIE2,
Yanbo PENG2
1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China
2. Shandong Academy of Environmental Planning, 250101, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
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摘要
摘要:水文脉冲影响着湖泊水生态系统，人工调水工程引起的水文脉冲使这种影响更加复杂. 本研究分别调研了南四湖在非调水期和调水期内的浮游植物和大型底栖动物以及相应的水质和底泥中的重金属，分析了调水引起的水文脉冲影响下浮游植物和大型底栖动物群落的变化特征. 结果显示：在一个脉冲周期内，调水期的浮游植物总密度减小，群落中蓝藻门占比下降，而绿藻门和硅藻门占比增加，优势种更替剧烈，这些变化更多的是由脉冲式调水引起的水质改变和季节变化引起的温度差异共同导致的. 南四湖中大型底栖动物群落主要包括软体动物、水生昆虫类和水生寡毛类，且由软体动物主导. 一个脉冲周期内的大型底栖动物群落结构稳定，优势种更替较弱，物种多样性指数变化较小. 对比南水北调工程实施之前的结果，南四湖中浮游植物群落年内变化更明显，且物种多样性整体下降. 大型底栖动物群落随着水质的优化和底泥中重金属分布的改变，逐渐由小体型的水生昆虫主导变为由大体型的软体动物主导. 这些结果表明调水引起的水文脉冲对浮游植物的影响在短期和长期均有明显体现，对大型底栖动物更多的体现在长期累积性影响.
关键词:水文脉冲/
南水北调/
浮游植物/
大型底栖动物/
南四湖
Abstract:The hydrologic pulse affects lake water ecosystem, complicated further by hydrologic pulse due to the South to North Water Transfer Project (SNWTP). Phytoplankton and macrozoobenthos in Nansihu Lake (NSH) during non-diversion period and diversion period were investigated. Water quality and heavy metals in the sediment, characteristics of phytoplankton and macrozoobenthos communities under influence of hydrologic pulse by SNWTP were analyzed. During a whole pulse period, total phytoplankton density was found to have decreased, proportion of Cyanophyta decreased, proportion of Chlorophyta and Bacillaroiphyta increased, with dominant species having changed dramatically. Macrozoobenthos community in NSH mainly included Mollusca, aquatic insects and aquatic oligochaetes, dominated by Mollusca. The community structure of macrozoobenthos was stable, dominant species turnover was weak, diversity index did not change. Compared with before implementation of SNWTP, phytoplankton community in NSH changed more significantly during a year, diversity index decreased. With water quality getting better and heavy metal distribution in sediment changing, macrozoobenthos gradually changed from that dominated by small-size aquatic insects to that dominated by large-size Mollusca. These indicate that effects of hydrologic pulse caused by SNWTP on phytoplankton are obvious in both short and long term and more obvious in the long-term cumulative effects on macrozoobenthos.
Key words:hydrologic pulse/
the South to North Water Transfer Project/
phytoplankton/
macrozoobenthos/
Nansihu Lake
