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三元乙丙橡胶热氧老化后的力学性能

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三元乙丙橡胶热氧老化后的力学性能
Microcosmic Structure and Mechanics Performance of EPDM Rubber in Hot-Oxygen Aging
投稿时间：2016-01-03
DOI：10.15918/j.tbit1001-0645.2017.02.003
中文关键词:三元乙丙力学性能应力热氧老化微观分析
English Keywords:ethylene propylene diene monomer(EPDM)mechanics performancestresshot-oxygen agingmicro analysis
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（51606098）
作者单位E-mail
杨晓红南京理工大学 机械工程学院, 江苏, 南京 210094
许进升南京理工大学 机械工程学院, 江苏, 南京 210094xujinsheng@njust.edu.cn
周长省南京理工大学 机械工程学院, 江苏, 南京 210094
李宏文晋西工业集团有限责任公司技术中心, 山西, 太原 030027
杜红英晋西工业集团有限责任公司技术中心, 山西, 太原 030027
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中文摘要:
针对黏贴在火箭发动机壳体内表面作为耐烧蚀隔热保护材料三元乙丙的老化问题，研究了硫磺、含硫化合物、过氧化物等硫化体系对老化性能的影响.利用SEM微观检测手段和宏观力学性能实验研究了过氧化物硫化体系EPDM热氧老化前后的表面形貌、表面组分相对含量、压缩永久变形、压缩应力松弛特性等.研究结果表明：过氧化物硫化体系使EPDM橡胶内生成性能更为稳定的C-C交联键，耐热性能最好；EPDM橡胶的热分解为一步降解，老化前后样品各温度阶段的失重量、全温度范围内总的失重量以及最大热分解温度均无明显差异；通过表面组份分析可知，老化中增塑剂（癸二酸二丁酯）出现了向表面迁移的现象，但没有发生明显的挥发；采用过氧化物硫化体系的EPDM橡胶老化后，压缩永久变形保留率、压缩应力松弛和拉伸强度三种性能均有一定程度的劣化，且老化温度越高，变化程度越大.
English Summary:
Aiming at the EPDM used usually as the ablation resistant material on the inner surface of the rocket case, the influence on EPDM rubber aging performance of vulcanization system, such as sulfur vulcanization, sulfocompound vulcanization and peroxide vulcanization, was studied in this paper. And the surface topography, relative content of surface components and mechanical properties such as compression permanent deformation and compressive stress relaxation of peroxide vulcanization EPDM before and after the hot oxygen aging were studied with SEM micro analysis and macroscopic mechanics experiment. The results show that, peroxide vulcanization system can make the C-C crosslinked bond which have more stable performance generated inside the EPDM rubber, and the heat-resisting performance is better than the other two. The pyrolysis of EPDM rubber is one-step reaction, the weight loss of each temperature stage, the total weight loss of whole temperature range and the maximum thermal decomposition temperature show no obvious difference between the nonaging and aging samples. Through the surface components analysis, the plasticizer (dibutyl sebacate) migration is found on the surface of aging samples, but there is no obvious volatility. For peroxide vulcanization EPDM rubber, the performance of compression permanent deformation retention rate, compression stress relaxation and tensile strength have a certain degradation, and the higher aging temperature, the greater degree of change.
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