邱顺添 ,王 佳 ,王明娜
AuthorsHTML:邱顺添 ¹ ，王 佳 ¹ ，王明娜 ²
AuthorsListE:Khu Soon Thiam,Wang Jia,Wang Mingna
AuthorsHTMLE:Khu Soon Thiam¹，Wang Jia¹，Wang Mingna²
Unit:1. 天津大学环境科学与工程学院，天津 300072；
2. 天津大学建筑工程学院，天津 300072

Unit_EngLish:1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering，Tianjin University，Tianjin 300072，China；
2. School of Civil Engineering，Tianjin University，Tianjin 300072，China

Abstract_Chinese:纵观水文学的发展史，水文学飞跃性发展与水文观测技术的突破密切相关．现代科学技术的快速发展，极 大提升了对水文要素的观测能力；同时，作为科学服务的主体和主要参与者，公众对科学的兴趣与日俱增；公共体 系覆盖面广、组织操作灵活、数据源丰富，可提供不同时空尺度的连续数据．基于这些特征，公共体系给水文学发 展带来了契机，可由“增加数据—提高精度—更精细的模型”水文框架向着面向公众体系的水文学范式转移，促使 水文学发展更加科学、持久，因此，本文提出了公众水文学的概念．公众水文学是一个通过公共体系获取水文学所 需多源多元的泛在感知数据，提取水文信息，获取水文学新知识，并重构水文认知及模型框架，推进水文学发展的 新兴研究领域．文章概述了公众水文学的基本概念、特点、基础框架、主要内容、研究意义以及对水文学研究和研 究主体的作用；同时，基于现代水文学发展的局限性，从数据、技术、理论和水文模型 4 个方面介绍了发展该研究 领域的必要性．公众水文学作为潜力十足的新兴研究领域，一方面通过一种全新的方式获取水文信息，并将其转化 为新知识，从而完善水文学科理论；另一方面可以弥补水文学认知的缺乏和技术的局限性，推动水文学范式转移， 给水文学的研究带来新的发展前景．
Abstract_English:The development of hydrology is closely related to breakthroughs in hydrological observational techniques. With the rapid development of modern science and technology，the ability to observe hydrological elements has greatly improved. Simultaneously，public interest in science is increasing with increasing public involvement in information gathering. The public system has wide coverage，flexible organization and operation，rich data sources，and can provide continuous data of different spatial and temporal scales. Based on these characteristics，a new paradigm of“public hydrology”is proposed，expanding the framework of“increasing data—improving accuracy—finer models”. Public hydrology is a new research field which promotes the development of hydrology byacquiring multi-source and multivariate ubiquitous perception data from a public system，extracting new knowledge as required for water science，and reconstructing a new cognitive and modeling framework. This article outlines the basic concepts，characteristics，framework，construction contents，and research significance of public hydrology and its role in hydrological research and research subjects. Then，based on the limitations of the development of modern hydrology，the necessity of the development of this research field is introduced from four aspects：data， technology，theory and hydrological model. As a potential new research field，public hydrology，on the one hand， is a new way to obtain hydrological information and transform these information into new knowledge，so as to improve the theory of hydrology；on the other hand，it can make up for the lack of cognition and technical limitations，promote the paradigm shift，and bring new development prospects of hydrology.
Keyword_Chinese:公众水文学；水文学；泛在数据；多源多元数据；水文学范式
Keywords_English:public hydrology；hydrology；ubiquitous data；multi-source and multivariate data；hydrological paradigm

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