| Lecture: | Cellulosomes, designer cellulosomes and designer bacteria for conversion of cellulosic biomass to biofuels |
| Lecturer: | Dr. Edward A. Bayer, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel |
| Time: | 9:30 am, Nov 22, 2017, Wednesday |
| Location: | 214 Meeting Room, Administrative building |
| Introduction of Lecturer: | |
| Ed Bayer is a professor in the Department of Biomolecular Sciences at the Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel. His work stemming from his doctoral research focused on the early development of the avidin- and streptavidin-biotin system as a general tool in the biological sciences, and he and his supervisor, Meir Wilchek, received the Sarstedt Award (1990) for their contributions in this field. Together with Raffi Lamed, he co-discovered the cellulosome concept and pioneered the development of designer cellulosomes for research and biotechnological applications. In 1999, he founded and chaired an ongoing Gordon Research Conferences on this subject. He is the recipient of The Ulitzky Prize (2006) from The Israel Society for Microbiology on his work in this area. Since 2008, he served on the scientific advisory board of the US DOE BioEnergy Science Center (BESC). He has authored over 400 articles and reviews in both fields. He co-edited Methods in Enzymology Volume 184 on "Avidin-biotin technology", is editor-in-chief of Biotechnology Advances, section editor on Bacterial Genetics and Metabolic Engineering of Biotechnology for Biofuels, and serves on the editorial board of several other biotechnology- and microbiology-oriented journals, including Environmental Microbiology and Current Opinion in Biotechnology. He was very recently appointed Guest Professor at Beijing University of Chemical Technology. He is an elected Fellow of both the American and the European Academies of Microbiology. Major Research Interests: General: Protein engineering; structural and functional consequences of protein-protein and protein-ligand interactions; nanobiotechnology; microbiology, genomics, metabolic engineering of cellulolytic bacteria; biomass degradation and biomass-to-biofuels processing. Specific: Cellulosome structure and function; avidin-biotin system; development of designer cellulosome systems as a model for improved degradation of cellulose to serve as an alternative energy source to help displace our growing dependence on fossil fuels. | |
| Abstract: | |
| Cellulose is the most abundant component of the plant cell wall and thus the largest potential source of renewable organic material on Earth. In nature, however, cellulose assumes a structural rather than a storage role, and its glucose residues are “locked” in place, virtually inaccessible to organisms that would avail themselves of its use as an excellent food source. Nevertheless, nature has provided ample corps of microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) that can cope with decaying cellulosic matter, and we would like to exploit them for production of liquid biofuels from plant-cell material. An attractive prospect for biomass conversion involves the multi-enzyme “cellulosome” complex, which exhibits enhanced levels of synergy to degrade cellulosic substrates. In contrast to the free enzyme paradigm, the cellulosome comprises a set of Lego-like multi-modular components – some structural and some enzymatic, contained into a discrete complex. Recent work in our lab has centered on dismantling the cellulosome into its component parts and reassembling them into “designer cellulosomes” of precise enzymatic content and configuration. Rational bioengineering of cellulase and cellulosomal components for production of tailor-made multi-functional enzymes and “designer cellulosomes” has been developed for improved cellulose degradation. The designer cellulosome approach shows promise for understanding the rationale behind its catalytic efficiency. The knowledge gained from these studies may provide the basis for creating improved designer cellulosomes for conversion of plant-derived biomass into liquid biofuels. | |
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Cellulosomes, designer cellulosomes and designer bacteria for conversion of cellulosic biomass to bi
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