贾文娟, 张孝薇, 闫晨阳, 李红志
国家海洋技术中心, 天津 300112

摘要:
海洋牧场生态环境在线监测网是海洋牧场建设的重要发展方向之一。传统海洋监测系统体积大、功耗大、价格昂贵，受牧场建设的经费限制，无法大量投放组成监测网，迫切需要一种低成本的海洋监测手段，可负担大面积、高空间密度的投放，并以分布式的物联网方式进行组网监测，解决这一难题。本文基于MEMS技术研发可大量“群蜂式”布放、高时空分辨率、兼顾环境与生物种群特征监测的低成本监测小浮子，每个小浮子下挂多节点传感器链和视频监控节点，使用低成本的水面水下无线传输无线通信手段进行组网观测，从而为构建海洋牧场环境智能化立体监测物联网提出了全新的解决方案。
关键词:海洋牧场在线监测低成本物联网
DOI：10.11759/hykx20201110002
分类号:P715.5
基金项目:国家重点研发计划重点专项项目（2017YFC1403304）；广东省重点研发计划重点专项项目（2020B1111020001）

Internet of things technology for online monitoring of marine ranch ecological environments
JIA Wen-juan, ZHANG Xiao-wei, YAN Chen-yang, LI Hong-zhi
National Ocean Technology Center (NOTC), Tianjin 300112, China
Abstract:
The online monitoring network of a marine ranch ecological environment is an important development in the field of marine ranch construction. The traditional marine monitoring system is large, expensive, and consumes high power. Investing heavily from the pasture construction to form a monitoring network is not possible; thus, a low-cost marine monitoring method is urgently needed. Such a network should have a large area, high space density, and network monitoring capability in the way of distributed Internet of Things (IoT). Traditional technology cannot solve this problem. In this paper, based on the microelectromechanical systems technology, many low-cost monitoring small floats with a "swarm bee" layout, high spatial-temporal resolution, and environmental and biological population characteristic monitoring are developed. Each small float is hung with a multinode sensor chain and a video monitoring node. Low-cost means of surface and underwater wireless transmission are used for network observation. Thus, a new solution is proposed for constructing intelligent three-dimensional monitoring IoT of a marine ranch environment.
Key words:marine ranchonline monitoringlow costInternet of things





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