钱鹏^1,2，王国亮¹，朱文峰¹

1. 同济大学 机械与能源工程学院， 上海 201804; 2. 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司， 上海 200241

收稿日期:2019-02-26出版日期:2020-12-04发布日期:2020-12-04
通讯作者:朱文峰，男，教授，博士生导师，电话（Tel.）:021-69589750; E-mail：zhuwenfeng@tongji.edu.cn.
作者简介:钱鹏（1995-），男，安徽省铜陵市人，硕士，从事车身数字化设计研究.
基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目（51975416，51275359）

Modeling and Optimization of 3D Assembly Tolerance for Window Lifting Under Flexible Deformation

QIAN Peng^1,2,WANG Guoliang¹,ZHU Wenfeng¹

1. College of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Tongji University,

Received:2019-02-26Online:2020-12-04Published:2020-12-04

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 汽车车身部件由薄板冲压件经过层级焊接装配而成，其板材具有较大柔性.在外部载荷作用下产生的变形将直接影响装配偏差的传递与累积，并最终影响装配精度和使用功能.针对车窗升降不平顺问题，考虑外界载荷对车门内板变形及装配偏差的影响，建立包含内板变形的车窗升降三维装配公差分析模型，揭示密封阻力、车门内板变形和刚度对车身部件装配性能的影响.以公差收严的收益比为评价因素，实现了考虑车门内板柔性变形的车窗升降系统公差优化设计.结果表明：在导轨-托架匹配面的面轮廓度收严到0.5mm、玻璃-托架安装孔位置度收严到0.9mm的情况下，车门模型的装配公差符合设定目标，满足升降平顺性要求.
关键词: 柔性件装配, 三维公差优化, 玻璃升降器, 有限元仿真
Abstract: The automobile body is made of sheet metal stamping parts which are welded and assembled hierarchically. The sheet metal of the automobile body has a great flexibility. The deformation caused by external load will directly affect the transmission and accumulation of assembly deviation and finally affect the assembly accuracy and function. This paper focuses on the problem of inconsistency in the window lifting process, and a 3D assembly tolerance analysis model including finite element deformation is established to reveal the influence of sealing resistance and the rigidity of the inner panel of the door on the assembly state of the lifter. Based on the benefit ratio of tolerance optimization as the evaluation indicator to determine the optimization plan, an optimized tolerance design and an improved lifting consistency are realized. The results show that when the surface profile of the matching surface of guide rail and bracket is tightened to 0.5mm and the position of the mounting hole of glass and bracket is tightened to 0.9mm, the assembly tolerance of the door model conforms to the set goal and meets the requirements of lifting smoothness.
Key words: flexible assembly, 3D tolerance optimization, glass lifter, finite element simulation


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