摘要/Abstract

摘要： 结直肠癌（colorectal cancer，CRC）是世界范围内五大恶性肿瘤之一，其发病率位居恶性肿瘤第三，死亡率位居第二，严重威胁着人类的生命健康。流行病学研究显示，经济发达国家的CRC发病率显著高于不发达国家，城市的CRC发病率高于农村。处于不同地理环境的人群的CRC发病特点间差异提示，饮食因素给CRC发病率及患者预后带来了较显著的影响。有证据表明，以高脂饮食为代表的西方饮食结构与CRC的发生发展密切相关，且探索高脂饮食在CRC进程中的相关作用机制对预防CRC的发生、改善患者预后十分重要。该文就近年来国内外关于高脂饮食与CRC发生发展的相关作用机制进行概述，并提出对应的预防策略，从精准医学的层面为膳食结构相关研究和CRC的预防、诊断及治疗提供理论参考。
关键词: 饮食因素, 结直肠癌, 高脂饮食, 个体化营养
Abstract:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the five malignant tumors in the world, with the second incidence rate and the third mortality of malignancy, which seriously threatens human life and health. Epidemiological studies show that the incidence rate of CRC in the economically developed countries is significantly higher than that in the underdeveloped countries, and that in city is higher than that in rural areas. The difference of CRC incidence populations in different geographical environments indicates that dietary factors can significantly affect incidence rate and prognosis of CRC. There is evidence that the western diet structure represented by high-fat diet is closely related to the occurrence and development of CRC, and exploring the related mechanism of high-fat diet in the process of CRC is very important to prevent the occurrence of CRC and improve the prognosis of the patients. This paper summarizes the relevant mechanism between high-fat diet and the occurrence and development of CRC at home and abroad in recent years, and puts forward the corresponding prevention strategies, so as to provide theoretical reference for the diet structure-related research and the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of CRC from the perspective of precision medicine.
Key words: dietary factor, colorectal cancer (CRC), high-fat diet, personalized nutrition


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